10.1 Flashcards
kinetic
molecular theory
explains that all matter is composed of particles
Kinetic energy
the energy of a particle or an object due to its motion.
When particles collide, kinetic energy is transferred between them, much
as a bowling ball transfers energy to the bowling pins it hits
Three different number scales are used to measure temperature
Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin.
Temperature
a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in a sample of matter
Thermal energy
the total energy of all the particles in a solid, liquid, or
gas. The more kinetic energy a solid, liquid, or gas has, the more thermal energy it has
Potential energy
the stored energy of an object or
particle, due to its position or state.
Heat
s the amount of
thermal energy that transfers from an area or object of higher temperature
to an area or object of lower temperature
Conduction
the transfer of heat from one substance to another or
within a solid by direct contact of particles
Fluids
substances in which the particles
can flow freely
Convection
the transfer of heat within a
fluid and with the movement of fluid from one place to another. Unlike conduction, convection transfers matter as well as heat
convection current
the movement of a fluid caused by density differences.
Electromagnetic radiation
the transfer of energy by waves travelling outward in all directions from a source
Radiant energy
the energy carried by electromagnetic waves
infrared radiation
if you stand too close to a campfire, you will experience the reality also known as heat radiation
Solar radiation
made up of visible light as well as infrared and
other types of radiation
