4.1

Question 1

Its __________ and consists of mostly ____, solid in the inner core and _______ in the _______ core.

Answer 1

dense, iron, molten, outer

Its the Core

Question 2

A _____ layer of less dense, ____ rock.

Answer 2

thick, elastic

Mantle

Question 3

A _______ of _______ mantle, contains ______ rock, _____ in some areas.

Answer 3

portion, upper, soft, melted

Asthenosphere

Question 4

The _______ rock above the _______, it includes both the __________ mantle and the entirety of Earth’s ______ major layer.

Answer 4

harder, asthenosphere, uppermost, third

Lithosphere

Question 5

The _____, _____, ________ of rock that covers Earth’s surface.

Answer 5

thin, brittle, low-density

Crust

Question 6

Divergent Plate Boundary

Answer 6

Plates move away from each other

Question 7

Divergent Plate Boundary

Rising __________ from mantle forces plates apart

Forms: __________ ridges, ________, ________ spreading, and ____ valleys (on land)

Answer 7

magma plume

Mid-oceanic, volcanoes, seafloor, rift

Question 8

Convergent Plate Boundary

Answer 8

Plate moves towards each other

Question 9

Convergent Plate Boundary

Leads to ______ (one ____ being forced beneath another)

Forms: Mountains, ____ arcs, earthquakes, and _______

Answer 9

subduction, plate

island, volcanoes

Question 10

Transform Fault Plate Boundary

Answer 10

Plates slide past each other in opposite directions.

Forms: Earthquakes

Question 11

Convection Cycle (Divergent)

_______ heated by earth’s core rises towards ________

________ magma cools & expands, forcing ______ plates apart

Answer 11

Magma, lithosphere

Rising, oceanic

Creates mid -ocean ridges, volcanoes, spreading zones or “seafloor spreading”

Question 12

Magma ____ and _______ into new lithosphere

Spreading _______ forces oceanic plate into cont. (________ zone)

Answer 12

cools, solidifies

magma, subduction

Question 13

Sinking oceanic plate ______ back into magma

Also forces _______ up, creating narrow, coastal Mountains (Andes) & _______ on land

Answer 13

melts

magma, volcanoes

Question 14

Oceanic-Oceanic

Answer 14

one plate subducts underneath other

Question 15

_______ magma up to lithosphere surface forming _____________ volcanoes

Answer 15

Forces

mid ocean

Island arcs

Off-shore trench

Question 16

Oceanic-Continental

______ oceanic plate subducts beneath cont. Plate & _____ back into magma

Forces ______ up to lithosphere surface

Answer 16

Dense, melts

magma

Question 17

Continental-Continental

One plate ______ underneath other, forcing surface crust ______

Answer 17

subducts, upward

Question 18

__________ occurs mostly when _____ edges of plates get stuck on each other

______ builds as plates keep sliding but ____ stay stuck.

When _______ overcomes the locked fault plates suddenly release ______ past each other and realize ______ that shakes the ________.

Answer 18

Earthquakes, rough

Pressure, edges

stress, slide, energy, lithosphere

Question 19

Ring of Fire

Answer 19

Pattern of volcanoes all around pacific plate

Question 20

Transform faults

Answer 20

likely location of earthquakes

Question 21

Hotspots

Answer 21

Areas of esp. hot magma rising up to lithosphere