401 - sleep

Question 1

What does Measuring Psychological responses provide researchers?

Answer 1

The ability to obtain data on bodily changes and responses during various states of consciousness

Question 2

What does the Electroencephalograph (EEG) do?

Answer 2

Detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the brain in the form of brain waves.

Question 3

What is amplitude, in terms of brainwaves.

Answer 3

Size of the peaks and troughs from a baseline of zero.

Question 4

What is frequency, in terms of brainwaves.

Answer 4

The number of brain waves per second.

Question 5

What does the Electromyograph (EMG) do?

Answer 5

Detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the muscles.

Question 6

How is EMG data obtained?

Answer 6

By attaching electrodes to the skin above the relevant muscles

Question 7

What does the EMG show?

Answer 7

Changes in muscular activity during stages of consciousness

Question 8

What does Electro-oculargraph (EOG) do?

Answer 8

Detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the muscles that control eye movement.

Question 9

How is EOG data obtained?

Answer 9

By attaching electrodes to the skin that surrounds the eyes.

Question 10

What are some limitations to self reports?

Answer 10

It can be subjective, open to forgetfulness, difficult to describe sleep experiences, and the researcher’s interpretation of the diary can be subjective.

Question 11

How does the SCN regulate the sleep-wake cycle?

Answer 11

External cues (presence or absence of light)
Internal cues (Expression and suppression of particular genes, melatonin or cortisol)

Question 12

What is the SCN responsible for?

Answer 12

Regulating an individual’s sleep-wake patterns

Question 13

Where is the SCN found?

Answer 13

Hypothalmus

Question 14

What is melatonin?

Answer 14

A hormone released by the pineal gland, inducing sleep.

Question 15

What is a biological rhythum?

Answer 15

Repeated biological processes that are regulated by internal mechanisms

Question 16

What is the circadian rhythums?

Answer 16

Biological and behavioral changes that occur as part of a cycle that lasts around 24 hours
AWAKE

Question 17

What is the ultradian rhythums?

Answer 17

Biological and behavioural changes that occur in a cycle that lasts less than 24 hours
SLEEP

Question 18

What happens to your sleep patterns as you grow older?

Answer 18

Amount of time sleeping decreases
Time in REM decreases
Time in NREM decreases

Question 19

Newborn sleep patterns

Answer 19

16-17 hours of sleep
50% REM
Less sleep cycles

Question 20

3 Months sleep patterns

Answer 20

Regular sleep patterns
NREM stage 1
REM decreases
Sleep cycle 50-60 mins

Question 21

6 Months

Answer 21

5-8 hours
Full NREM cycle

Question 22

12 months

Answer 22

14-15 hours
Single episode in the evening
Naps are common

Question 23

2 years

Answer 23

12-13 hours
25-30% REM

Question 24

2-5 Years

Answer 24

13-11 hours
20-25% REM
NREM increases
Stages 3 and 4, 50%

Question 25

10 Years

Answer 25

8-10 hours
20% REM

Question 26

Adolescence

Answer 26

10-8 hours
REM decreases
Stages 3 and 4 decrease
stage 2 increases

Question 27

Early Adulthood sleep patterns

Answer 27

8 hours of sleep
REM 20-25%

Question 28

Late Adulthood sleep patterns

Answer 28

6-7 hours
Approx 33% REM

Question 29

60+ sleep patterns

Answer 29

5-7 hours
Stage 3 and 4 decrease
Mostly stage 2

Question 30

90+ sleep patterns

Answer 30

Stage 3 and 4 decrease

Question 31

Why do babies spend 50% of their total sleep time in REM sleep?

Answer 31

Babies need to help replenish the mental processes they exhaust when leaning information during hte day