4 Neonatal Sepsis Flashcards
What four signs are present with SIRS in kids?
- Core temp >38.5*C or 10% immature neutrophils
What are four things that make neonates more susceptible to infection compared to adults?
Lower IgG production, declining maternal IgG, low cytokine production, and decreased neutrophil function
How does the neonate’s immune system compare to an adult’s?
More CD4 cells, Less CD8 cells, Less anti-inflammatory cytokines, Cytotoxicity of CD8 cells is lower
To what kind of vaccine do neonates have a reduced immune response?
Polysaccharide antigen-based vaccines
Above what temperature are neonates considered to have a fever?
38*C or higher
Most SBIs in infants less than 90 days old are caused by what kind of infection?
UTIs cause 73% of infant SBIs
Who has a higher chance of infection? Infants
What are some lab tests you’d run to determine if a baby has sepsis?
CBC w/ differential, coag tests, CRP, urinalysis, metabolic panel, CSF for gram stain/culture, CXR (chest x-ray)
Is it bad to see a left-shift of WBC in a neonate?
Yes, it can indicate possible sepsis
What are the three most common causes of neonatal SBI?
Group B streptococcus, Listeria, and E. coli
How does GBS typically infect in-utero infants?
ascending route or at time of delivery
Under what number of days can infection be considered early-onset disease?
Which onset of disease has the highest mortality rate?
Early-onset diseases (5-10%)
What is the drug of choice for prophylaxis of the mother?
Penicillin
What is the drug of choice to treat infans infected with Listeria?
Ampicillin
