[4] Menstrual Disorders

Question 1

Normal Frequency of Menses

Answer 1

24-38 Days

Question 2

Regular Regularity of Menses

Answer 2

Variation of +- 2-20 Days

Question 3

Normal Duration of Flow

Answer 3

4.5-8.0 Days

Question 4

Normal Volume of Monthly Blood Loss

Answer 4

5-80mL

Question 5

Follicular Phase begins with?

Answer 5

Menstrual Bleeding

Question 6

LH Surge is caused by?

Answer 6

Critical Rise in E2

Question 7

Stratum Functionale Components

Answer 7

Stratum Compactum

Stratum Spongiosum

Question 8

Site of Blastocyst Implantation

Answer 8

Stratum Compactum

Question 9

What converts estradiol into estrone?

Answer 9

17 B-Hydroxydehydrogenase

Question 10

Blastocysts are provided energy via?

Answer 10

Glycogen-Containing Vacuoles

Question 11

Implantation occurs how long after fertilization?

Answer 11

1 week

Question 12

Effect of Matrix Metalloproteinases during Menstruation

Answer 12

Bleeding normally associated with menstruation

Question 13

List the components of the FIGO Classification

Answer 13

Polyps
Adenoma
Leiomyoma
Malignancy/Hyperplasia
Coagulopathy
Ovulatory Dysfunction
Iatrogenic
Endometrial
Not yet classified

Question 14

Effect of higher BMI on onset of menarche

Answer 14

The higher the BMI the earlier the onset

Question 15

What race of humans have an earlier menarche

Answer 15

African Americans

Question 16

Differentiate Hypogonadotropic and Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism

Answer 16

Hypogonadotropic: Lesions in the hypothalamus and pituitary cause decreased hormones

Hypergonadotropic: Gonadal failure in itself is the cause of hypogonadism

Question 17

Effects of Kallman Syndrome

Answer 17

Inadequate GnRH Synthesis

Question 18

Spell out MRKH Syndrome

Answer 18

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome

Question 19

Diagnostic Method used to diagnose PCOS

Answer 19

Transrectal Ultrasound

Question 20

What is Sheehan Syndrome

Answer 20

Pituitary necrosis secondary to massive bleeding during pregnancy resulting to anovulation

Question 21

What is Simmourad Disease

Answer 21

Pituitary necrosis in non pregnant women

Question 22

What is Asherman Syndrome

Answer 22

Intrauterine adhesion/synechiae/fibrosis due to uterine scarring that can obliterate the endometrial cavity that causes amenorrhea

Question 23

Common sign accompanying anemia

Answer 23

Sleepiness

Question 24

Define: Oligomenorrhea

Answer 24

Infrequent uterine bleeding with intervals between bleeding episodes varying from 35 days to 6 months

Question 25

Define: Amenorrhea

Answer 25

No menses for at least 6 months

Question 26

Define: Menorrhagia

Answer 26

Prolonged (>7 days) or excessive (>80mL) uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals

Question 27

Define: Metrorrhagia

Answer 27

Uterine bleeding occurring at irregular but frequent intervals, amount being variable

Question 28

Define: Menometrorrhagia

Answer 28

Prolonged uterine bleeding occurring at irregular intervals

Question 29

Define: Polymenorrhea

Answer 29

Uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals < 21 days

Question 30

Define: Intermenstrual Bleeding

Answer 30

Bleeding at variable amounts occurring between regular menstrual periods

Question 31

Give this when there is an emergency need to cause cessation of excessive uterine bleeding

Answer 31

Estrogen

Question 32

Primary dysmenorrhea is associated with elevated levels of?

Answer 32

Prostaglandin F2-Alpha

Question 33

Primary Treatment for Primary Dysmenorrhea

Answer 33

Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitor

Question 34

Most common cause of secondary dysmenorrhea

Answer 34

Endometriosis

Question 35

Most common cause of Endometriosis

Answer 35

Retrograde Menstrutation

“Sampson’s Theory”

Question 36

Describe the Uterus in a patient with Endometriosis

Answer 36

Fixed, retroverted uterus with posterior tenderness

Question 37

Gold Standard for Diagnosis of Endometriosis

Answer 37

Laparoscopy