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Community Health > 4. Global Health > Flashcards

4. Global Health Flashcards

1
Q

described the responsibility of well developed nations to help lesser developed nations

A

The Millennium Report (2015)

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2
Q

came from health people 2020 and states that all world citizens should enjoy a level of health that permits them to lead productive life

A

Health for All in the 21st Century (HFA21)

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3
Q

Developed vs underdeveloped nations

A
  • developed: has a stable economy, a wide range of industry and technology development
  • underdeveloped: not yet stable in economy, industry, or technology
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4
Q

8 UN Millennium Goals

A
  • eradicate extreme poverty/hunger
  • achieve universal primary education
  • promote gender equality and empower women
  • reduce child mortality
  • improve maternal health
  • combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
  • ensure environmental sustainability
  • global partnership and development
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5
Q

What is the ultimate goal fo primary health care

A

better health for all people

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6
Q

WHO’s Five Elements of Primary Health Care

A
  • reduced exclusion and social disparity
  • services organized around needs and expectations
  • health integrated into all sectors
  • collaborative policy dialogue
  • increased stakeholder participation
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7
Q

Updated goals for the Millennium Development Goals

A
  • organized health education
  • aggressive environmental sanitation
  • maternal-child health programs
  • preventive programs for local endemic diseases
  • accessible, affordable treatments
  • available chemotherapy
  • nutrition programs
  • promotion of traditional medicine
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8
Q

global health organization s that are funded from multiple sources

A

multilateral organizations

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9
Q

examples of multilateral organizations

A
  • WHO
  • UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
  • Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
  • World Bank
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10
Q

single-government agency provided aid to lesser-developed countries

A

bilateral organization

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11
Q

Example of bilateral organization

A

US Agency for International Development (USAID)

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12
Q

Examples of nongovernment organizations (NGOs) or private voluntary organizations (PVOs)

A
  • Oxfam
  • Project Hope
  • International Red Cross
  • Catholic Relief Services (CRS)
  • church-sponsored health care missionaries
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13
Q

mortality indicator developed by WHO

A

global burden of disease (GBD)

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14
Q

combines losses from premature death and losses of healthy life that result from disability

A

GBD indicator

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15
Q

difference between actual age at death and life expectancy at the age in a low-mortality population

A

premature death

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16
Q

2 shortcomings of GBD

A
  • can’t address consequences of disease

- can’t measure effects of social dysfunction, violence, or war

17
Q

prevention strategies for communicable diseases

A
  • immunization

- environmental sanitation

18
Q

3 environmental threats

A
  • industrial water contamination
  • medical waste dumps
  • airborne chemicals
19
Q

Communicable diseases pose the highest risk to which population?

A

Children

20
Q

largest cause of death from one infectious agent and leading killer of people w/ HIV

A

Tuberculosis (TB)

21
Q

2 threats to TB control

A
  • HIV

- Multidrug resistance

22
Q

advent of DDT-resistant mosquitoes that affects more than 50% of the world

A

Malaria

23
Q

prevention of malaria

A
  • insecticide treated bed nets
  • insecticide sprays
  • larva eating fish
  • early treatment w/ anti-malarial drugs
24
Q

symptoms of malaria

A
  • fever
  • chills
  • flu-like sxs
25
Q

treatment for malaria

A

anti-malarial drugs (currently working on antimalarial vaccine)

26
Q

What is the leading cause of death in children under 5 years old

A

diarrheal diseases

27
Q

3 major syndrome of diarrheal diseases

A
  • acute watery
  • persistant
  • bloody
28
Q

diarrhea control programs

A
  • improve childhood nutrition

- need for improvement of living conditions

29
Q

treatment for diarrheal diseases

A

hydration

30
Q

What is associated w/ the most female deaths worldwide

A

pregnancy and childbirth

31
Q

maternal mortality risk factors

A
  • poor nutrition
  • disease
  • high parity
  • age (under 20 and over 35)
32
Q

What accounts for a large portion of the world’s disease burden

A

poor nutrition

33
Q

interventions for poor nutrition

A
  • plumpy nut (peanut butter paste supplement w/ shelf life of 3-4 years)
  • teaching farm
  • education
34
Q

used to track potential risks for intentional harm to people of the world

A

surveillance systems

35
Q

4 primary tasks of surveillance systems

A
  • systemic disease intelligence and detection
  • outbreak verification
  • immediate alert
  • rapid response

Community Health (34 decks)

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