4 Enzymes Flashcards
What are Enzymes?
Globular proteins
Act as biological catalysts that interact w substrate Molecules inc reaction rate
What are the chemical reactions required for growth called?
Anabolic reactions - catalysed by Enzymes
What are the chemical reactions needed for breaking down reactions called?
Catabolic reactions- catalysed by Enzymes
Enzymes can only inc the rate of a reaction up to a certain point, called what?
V max
Energy supplies for most actions to start is called?
Activation energy
How do Enzymes help reduce activation energy?
Help molecules collide more successfully
What is the lock and key hypothesis?
The active site of an enzyme is complementary to the shape of a specific substrate molecule. The R groups within the active site of enzyme will interact w substrate forming temporary bonds. Forming enzyme substrate complex
What is the induced fit hypothesis?
Suggests the active site of enzyme changes shape slightly as substrate enters
What are intracellular Enzymes?
Enzymes that act within cells
Example of intracelullar enzyme
Catalase
Examples of extracellular Enzymes?
Amylase
Trypsin
Explain the process of starch digestion
Starts in mouth then moves to small intestine.
1- starch broken down into maltose (a disaccharide) by amylase enzyme produced in salivary glands and pancreas.
2- maltose broken down into glucose (monosaccharide) by maltase enzyme present in small intestine. Glucose small enough to be absorbed by cells lining digestive system and into blood.
Explain the digestion of proteins
Trypsin (a protease) enzyme breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and then amino acids by other processes. Amino acids absorbed by cells then into blood.
