3.5

Question 1

How are the lipid triglycerides made?

Answer 1

Combining a glycerol molecule (alcohol) with 3 fatty acids (carbonyl group). Hydroxyl groups interacts from each group, forming 3 water molecules and water bonds between fatty acids and glucerol molecule (esterificstion- condensation reaction)

Question 2

How to break down triglycerides?

Answer 2

Hydrolysis using 3 water molecules

Question 3

What is a fatty acid with no double bonds between carbon atoms called?

Answer 3

Saturated (with hydrogen atoms)

Question 4

What is the structure of a phospholipid ? And what elements do they contain? Soluble?

Answer 4

Contain elements C H O and P. Soluble in water. Phosphate head (polar) and two fatty acid tails (non polar)

Question 5

What is a sterol ?

Answer 5

A lipid. Complex alcohol molecule with a hydroxyl group at one end- which is polar therefore hydrophilic.

Question 6

Give an example of a sterol

Answer 6

Cholesterol manufactured in liver and intestines

Question 7

What can be manufactured using cholesterol?

Answer 7

Bile, vitamin D and steroid hormones

Question 8

Roles of lipids

Answer 8

Buoyancy
Insulation
Water proofing
Organ cushioning

Question 9

What test is used to identify a lipid?

Answer 9

Emulsion test- 
Sample mixed w ethanol 
Mixed w water and shaken 
(This speedster lipid from water as it's not water soluble)
White emulsion forms