21.1

Question 1

Process of creating a DNA profile (basic)

Answer 1

Extracting - Every
Digestion - Day
Separation - Sea
Hybridisation - Horses 
Evidence - Eat

Question 2

Explain extracting DNA

Answer 2

From a tissue sample. Use PCR

Question 3

Explain digesting sample of DNA

Answer 3

DNA cut into small fragments using the enzyme restriction endonucleses. Cut on the restriction site, 2 cute one on each strand of DNA

Question 4

Explain separating DNA

Answer 4

Use electrophoresis. Particles move through a gel under influence of electrical current. Gel immersed in alkali and DNA double helix separates onto a membrane by southern blotting

Question 5

Explain hybridisation

Answer 5

Radioactive or fluorescent probes are added to excess to the DNA on the membrane. DNA probes are short DNA or RNA sequences complementary to a known DNA sequence. They bind. DNA probes identify the micro satellite.

Question 6

Explain seeing the evidence of DNA

Answer 6

If radioactive labels were added to DNA probes, X ray images are taken. If fluorescent labels were added to DNA probes, UV light is used. Shows the individuals DNA profile

Question 7

Uses of DNA profiling

Answer 7

Forensic science in crime scene (blood semen saliva

Prove paternity of child

Identifying species

Question 8

What is an intron

Answer 8

Non coding regions of DNA

Question 9

What is an extron

Answer 9

Coding region of DNA (2%)