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Basic Pharmacology > 4. Drugs used in asthma -hemostasis > Flashcards

4. Drugs used in asthma -hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Major risk factor of asthma

A

atopy

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2
Q

relievers

A

short-acting beta2 agonists
muscarinic antagonists
methylxanthines
iv corticosteroids

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3
Q

controllers

A 
corticosteroids 
long acting beta 2 agonists 
mast cell stabilzers
anti-IGE antibodies
leukotriene antagonists
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4
Q

short-acting beta 2 selective agonist

A 
albuterol
levalbuterol
terbutaline
metaproterenol
pirbuterol
procaterol
fenoterol
bitolterol
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5
Q

drug of choice for acute asthma attacks

A

salbutamol (short-acting beta 2 selective agonist)

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6
Q

SE salbutamol

A 
tachycardia
tremors
nervousness 
restlessness
arrhythmias 
tolerance 
tachyphylaxis
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7
Q

short-acting beta 2 selective agonist

usual DOA

A

2-4 hours

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8
Q

short-acting beta 2 selective agonist

that can be given IV

A

terbutaline

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9
Q

short-acting beta 2 selective agonist

that can be given PO

A

salbutamol, terbutaline

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10
Q

beta 2 selective agonist (long acting)

A 
salmeterol
formoterol
cleneterol
bambuterol
arformoterol
vilanterol
indaaterol
olodaterol
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11
Q

beta 2 selective agonist (long acting) used for

A

asthma prophylaxis

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12
Q

muscarinic receptor antagonist for asthma

prevents vagal stimulated bronchoconstriction

A

ipratropium
tiotropium
umeclidinium
glycopyrrhonium

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13
Q

methyxanthine

A

theophyline
aminophyllien
pentoxyfylline
doxofylline

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14
Q

MOA theophylline

A

phosphodiesterase inhibition
adenosine receptor antagonist
causes bronchodilation

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15
Q

use of methylxanthine

A 
asthma (prophylaxis for nocturnal attacks)
intermittet claudication (pentoxyfylline only)
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16
Q

this muscarinic receptor antagonist

does not cross BBB

A

glycopyrronium

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17
Q

muscarinic receptor antagonist
used as monotherapy for COPD
antispasmodic and reduce salivation with anesthetics

A

glycopyrronium

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18
Q

theophylline antidote in overdosage

A

beta blockers

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19
Q

mast cell stabilizer
prevents calcium influx, stabilizes mast cells ,
preventing degranulation and release of histamine, leukotrienes, and other mediators

A

cromolyn B

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20
Q

uses of cromolyn B

A

asthma prophylaxis

allergies (eyes,nose,GI)

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21
Q

SE cromolyn B

A

cough

airwasy irritation

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22
Q

corticosteroid for asthma

A 
fluticasone
beclomethasone
budesonide 
ciclesonide 
flunisolide 
mometasone
triamcinolone
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23
Q

inhibitor of phospholipase A2, reduces expression fo COX

A

corticosteroid

fluticasone
beclomethasone
budesonide 
ciclesonide 
flunisolide 
mometasone
triamcinolone
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24
Q

DOC asthma prophylaxis

A

corticosteroid

fluticasone
beclomethasone
budesonide 
ciclesonide 
flunisolide 
mometasone
triamcinolone
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25
Q

SE fluticasone

A

oropharyneal candidiasis
minimal steroid toxicity (adrenal suppression)
mild growth retardation

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26
Q

for status asthmaticus

tx

A

IV prednisolone and hydrocortisone

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27
Q

lowest systemic steroid toxicity

A

ciclesonide

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28
Q

leukotriene synthesis inhibitor

A

zileuton

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29
Q

Uses of zileuton

A

asthma prophylaxis

exercise-, antigen-, aspirin induced bronchospasm

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30
Q

SE of zileuton

A 
flulike syndrome 
headache
drowsiness
dyspepsia
hepatitis
elevation of liver enzymesq
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31
Q

leukotriene receptor antagonist

A

montelukast
zafirlukast
pranlukast

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32
Q

blcoks cysteinyl leukotriene-1 receptor for leukotrienes C4,D4, and E4

prevents airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction

A

Montelukast

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33
Q

Uses of monteukast

A

asthma prophylaxis

exercise-, antigen-, aspirin induced bronchospasm

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34
Q

anti - IgE antibody

Binds IgE antibodies on mast cells. Reduces rxn to inhaled antigen

A

Omalizumab

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35
Q

Uses of omalizumab

A

prophylaxis of severe refractory asthma not responsive to all other drugs

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36
Q

SE Omalizumab

A 
Fever
angioedema
anaphylactic rxns
Idiopathic severe thrombocytopenia
nasopharyngitis
upper abdominal pain
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37
Q

these drugs prevent release /action of mediators such as leukotrienes, cytokines

A

cromolyn
steroids
zileuton
omalizumab

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38
Q

This drugs inhibit acute symptoms of asthma

A

beta agonists
theophylline
muscarinic antagonists
leuktriene antagonists

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39
Q

This drugs inhibit inflammation

bronchial hyperreactivity

A

steroids
cromolyn
leukotriene antagonists

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40
Q

Drugs used for cough

A 
Mucolytic
N-acetylcysteiene
Carbocisteine
Ambroxol
Bromhexine
Erdosteine

Expectorant
Guaifenesin

Antitussives
Dextromethophan
codeine
Butamirate citrate 
Levodropropizine

Inhibits PDE and calcium entry
Vitex negundo

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41
Q

mucolytic

A 
N-acetylcysteiene
Carbocisteine
Ambroxol
Bromhexine
Erdosteine
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42
Q

Expectorant`

A

Guaifenesin

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43
Q

centrally acting Antitussives, opiod antitussive

A

Dextromethophan

codeine

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44
Q

Inhibits PDE and calcium entry

A

Vitex negundo

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45
Q

reduce disulfide bridges that bind glycopreotins to other proteins such as albumin

also act as antioxidants and may reduce airway inflammation

A

mucolytic

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46
Q

NAC used for

A

cough

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47
Q

SE of NAC

A 
chest tightness 
disagreeable odor
drowsiness
fever
hemoptysis 
inc volume of bronchial secretions
irritatin of tracheal and bronchial tract
nausea
rhinorrhea 
stomatitis 
vomiting
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48
Q

act as an irritat to gastric vagal receptors and recruit afferent parasympathetic reflexes that cause glandular exocytosis of a less viscous mucus mixture

A

guiafenesin

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49
Q

SE of guiafenesin

A 
drowsiness 
incomplete or infrequent bowel movements 
inducing of a relaxed easy state 
stomach cramps 
dizziness
headache
rash 
nausea
vomiting 
stomach upset
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50
Q

antitissives CI in

A

bacterial lung infections
asthma
bronchiectasis
chronic bronchitis (suppurating bronchial inflammation)

antitussives cause harmful sputum thickening and retention

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51
Q

dec sensitivity of medullary/CNS cough centers to peripheral stimuli and dec mucosal secretion

A

dextromethorphan

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52
Q

when is morphine indicated for cough?

A

intractable cough from bronchial asthma

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53
Q

this antitussive has no addictive potention, no analgesic effect, produces less constipation and inhibition of mucociliary clearance

A

dextromethorphan

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54
Q

centrally acting antitussive,non-opioid antitussive

A

butamirate citrate

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55
Q

peripherally acting antitussive

A

Levodropropizine

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56
Q

act through receptors in the brainstem to inhibit cough

A

butamirate citrate

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57
Q

SE butamirate

A 
somnolence
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
dizziness
hypotension
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58
Q

non-opioid drug with a peripheral action by inhibiting the apprent pathways that generate cough reflex (modulates C-fibre activity)

A

Levodropropizine

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59
Q

SE of levodropropizine

A 
nausea 
vomiting
heartburn 
diarrhea
fatigue 
weakness
drowsiness
dizziness
headache 
palpitations
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60
Q

inhibits PDE III and inhibits Ca entry (acts as a CCB) which explain bronchodilatory effect
inhibits COX 2

A

vitex negundo

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61
Q

most common type of anemia

A

microcytic hypochromic anema caused by iron deficiency

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62
Q

lab pic of iron deficiency anemia

A

dec iron
dec ferritin
inc TIBC

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63
Q

megaloblastic anemias are caused by deficiency of

A

vitamin B12

folic acid

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64
Q

most common type of megaloblastic aneia

A

pernicious anemia

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65
Q

storage protein of iron

A

ferritin

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66
Q

iron bound to this transport protein

A

transferrin

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67
Q

unexplained presence of iron deficiency anemia in any adult with exception of premenopausal, multiparous woman mandates

A

throrough endoscopic/ radiographic visualization of entire large bowel

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68
Q

hematopoietic growth factor

A

oral
Ferrous sulfate
ferrous gluconate
ferrous carbinate

parenteral
iron dextran
sodium ferric gluconate complex
iron sucrose

Cyanocobalamin
Hydroxocobalamin
Methylcobalamin

Folic acid
Folacin (pteroylglutamic acid)
Folinic acid/ Leukovorin
Methylfolate

Epoietin Alfa
FIlgrastim
Oprelvekin (IL-11)

Eltrombopag
Plerixafor
Romiplostim

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69
Q

ferrous sulfate

SE

A

black stools (obscure GI loss)

Acute overdosage - necrotizing gastroenteritis , abdominal pain, metabolic acidosis , bloody diarrhea, shock, lethargy, dyspnea

chronic iron overload - hemochromatosis , organ failure (heart, liver, pancreas), death

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70
Q

iron content of iron preparations

A 
Fe carbonate 100%
fe fumarate 33%
Fe sulfate, dried 30%
Fe sulfate, hydrated 20%
Ferric ammonium sulfate 18%
Fe gluconate 12%
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71
Q

acute iron intoxication most common in

A

children - accidental ingestion of iron supplementation

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72
Q

tx of acute iron intoxication

A

removal of unabsorbed tablets from the gut
correction of acid base and electrolyte abnormalities
parenteral administration of deferoxamine which chelates circulating iron

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73
Q

triad of hemochromatosis

A

cirrhosis
DM
skin pigmentation

CDS

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74
Q

hemochromatosis

occurs

A

inherited abnormality in iron absorption
persons who receive frequent transfusions for tx of hemolytic disorders
(thalassemia major)

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75
Q

tx of hemochromatosis

A

phlebotomy
chronic administration of deferoxamine
or derasirox

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76
Q

heavy metal chelator

A

deferoxamine
deferasirox
deeriprone

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77
Q

uses of deferoxamine

A

acute iron poisoning

hemochromatosis not adequately tx by phlebotomy

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78
Q

SE of deferoxamine

A

hypotension
ARDS
neurotoxicity
inc susceptibility to infections

79
Q

acute iron poisoning

tx

A

IV deferoxamine

80
Q

hemochromatosis

tx

A

oral deferasirox

deferiprone

81
Q

cobalt containing vitamin

A

vitamin B12

82
Q

cofactor in the transfer of 1-carbon units

for synthesis of DNA

A

Vitamin b12

83
Q

megaloblastic anemia, neurologic defects

A

vit b12

84
Q

neurologic manifestations of vit b12 defieciency

A

ataxic gait
impaired position and vibratory sense
spasticity

85
Q

Vit b12 absorbed in

A

distal ileum

with intrinsic factor

86
Q

plasma transport of vit b12 is accomplished by binding to this protein

A

transcobalamin II

87
Q

storage of vit b12

A

liver, 5 year supply

88
Q

2 forms of vit b12

A

cyanocobalamin

hydroxocobalamin

89
Q

essential 2 rxn of vit b12

A

(1) conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA

(2) conversion of homocystein to methionine

90
Q

in vit b12 deficiency, folate accumulate as

A

N-methyltetrahdrofolate

91
Q

deficiency inc risk of neutral tube defects in fetus

A

folic acid

92
Q

folic acid is absrobed by the

A

proximal jejunum

93
Q

dec in dietary intake of folic acid within ____ is followed by megaloblastic anemia

A

1-6 months

94
Q

cofactor required for essential enzymatic rxns that form tetrahydrofolate
convert homocystein to methionine
metabolize methylmalonyl CoA

A

cyanocobalamin

95
Q

vit b12 SE

A

no significant toxicity

96
Q

this route is used for pernicious anemia

A

parenteral form

97
Q

has longer t1/2 than cyanocobalamin

A

hydroxocobalamin

98
Q

MOA

precursor of an essential donor of methyl groups used for synthesis of amino acids , purines, and deoxynucleotide

A

folic acid

99
Q

uses of folic acid

A

megaloblastic anemia
prevention of neural tube defects (spina bifida)
prevention of coronary artery disease

100
Q

agonist of erythropoietin receptors by red cell progrenitors

A

epoetin alfa
darbepoetin alfa
methoxypolyethylene glycol-epoetin beta

101
Q

Uses of

epoetin alfa
darbepoetin alfa
methoxypolyethylene glycol-epoetin beta

A

anemia esp associated with chronic renal failure
HIV infection
cancer
prematurity
prevention of the need for transfusion in patients undergoing certain types of elective surgery

102
Q

SE of epoietin alfa

A

htn
thrombosis
pure red cell aplasia

103
Q

dabepoietin is given

A

once a week

104
Q

methoxy PEG epoietin beta is given

A

1-2 x a month

105
Q

myeloid growth factor

A

Filgrastim (G-CSF)
Pegfilgrastim
Plerixafor
Lenograstim

106
Q

Binds receptors on myeloid progenitors and stimulates cell maturation and proliferation
Accelerates neutrophil recoverya dn reduces incidence of infection

A

Filgrastim (G-CSF)
Pegfilgrastim
Plerixafor
Lenograstim

107
Q

Uses of

Filgrastim (G-CSF)
Pegfilgrastim
Plerixafor
Lenograstim

A

Neutropenia associated with chemotherapy
myelodysplasia
aplastic anemia
mobilization of peripheral blood cells in preparation for hematopoetic stem cell transplantation

108
Q

SE of filgrastim

A

bone pain (arthralgia )
fever
edema
splenic rupture

109
Q

megakaryocyte growth factor

A

oprelvekin (IL-11)
thrombopoietin
eltrombopag
romiplastim

110
Q

MOA of oprelvekin

A

acitvates IL-11 receptors

111
Q

uses of

oprelvekin (IL-11)
thrombopoietin
eltrombopag
romiplastim

A

secondary prevention of thrombocytopenia in ptx undergoing cytotoxic chemo for nonmyeloid cancers

112
Q

SE

oprelvekin (IL-11)
thrombopoietin
eltrombopag
romiplastim

A 
Fatigue 
headache 
dizziness
anemia 
fluid accumulation in the lungs 
transent atrial arrhythmias
113
Q

oprelvekin (IL-11)
thrombopoietin
eltrombopag
romiplastim

given

A

SC OD

114
Q

use for tx of thrombocytopenia in adults and pedia >/= 6 yrs old with chronic ITP with
insufficient response with corticosteroids ,Ig , or splenectomy

A

eltrombopag

115
Q

blocks bindig of stromal cell derived factor 1 alpha in bone marrow stromal cells , to the CXCR4.

-> mobilization of progenitor and hemotopoeitic stem cells from one marrow into peripheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-hodgkinds lymphoma and multiple myeloma

A

plerixafor

116
Q

fusion antibody-peptode that is thrombopoietin receptor agonist;

A

romiplostim

117
Q

mechanisms of hemostasis

A
  1. vasoconstriction
  2. platelet plug formation
  3. formation of clot via coagulation
  4. fibrous organization
118
Q

1st step of vasoconstiction

autocoid factors

A

thromboxane A2 - platelet activator

Endothelin

119
Q

Primary hemostasis involves formation of

A

platelet plug

120
Q

platelet plug formation factors

is mediated by

A

exposed subendothelial collagen -> thrombogenic

platelet adhesion - vWF (released by endothelium) by GpIb receptor in platelet surface

platelet release rxn

  1. ADP - platelet aggregation
  2. TXA2 - platelet activator and vasoconstriction
  3. serotonin - platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
121
Q

intrinsic pathway of hemostasis factors

A

PTT
Factor V,8,9,10,11,12

prothrombin (2)
fibrinogen (1)

122
Q

extrinsic pathway of hemostasis factors

A

PT

Factor V,7,10, prothrombin (2) , fibrinogen (1)

123
Q

net result of coagulation pathways

A

prothrombin activator

124
Q

Antiplatelet drugs

A

Aspirin
Salsalate
Sodium salicylate

Abciximab
Eptifibatide
Tirofiban

Clopidogrel
Ticlopidine
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor

Dipyridamole
Cilostazol

125
Q

Anticoagulants

A

Indirect thrombin inhibitors

  1. heparin
  2. enoxaparin (LMWH)
  3. coumarin derivatives (warfarin

Direct thrombin inhibitors

  1. lepirudin
  2. rivaroxaban
126
Q

Chemical antagonist of heparin

reverses excessive anticlotting activity of unfractionated heparin

A

protamine sulfate

127
Q

thrombolytic

A 
alteplase
anistreplase
reteplase
streptokinase
tenectelase
urokinase
128
Q

tissue plasminogena activator analog

converts plasminogen to plasmin which degrades fibrin and fibrogen -> thrombolysis

A 
alteplase
anistreplase
reteplase
streptokinase
tenectelase
urokinase
129
Q

Uses of

alteplase
anistreplase
reteplase
streptokinase
tenectelase
urokinase
A

Acute MI
Ischemic stroke
pulmonary embolism

130
Q

SE of alteplaste

A

bleeding
cerebral hemorrhage
reperfusion arrhythmias

131
Q

this thombolytic has loss of effectiveness on 2nd use and allergic rxns

A

streptokinase

132
Q

antidote to thrombolytic drugs

A

aminocaproic acid

133
Q

most critical to a positive outcome for stroke treatment is the window period. The recommended window period for stroke intervention

A

6 hours

134
Q

Intravenous fibrinolytic therapy at the cerebral circulation dose within the first ____ hours of ischemic stroke onset offers substantial net benefits for virtually all patients with potentially disabling deficits.

A

3 hours

135
Q

Intravenous fibrinolytic therapy at the cerebral circulation dose within ____ hours offers MODERATE net benefits when applied to all patients with potentially disabling deficits.

A

3-4.5

136
Q

Intra-arterial fibrinolytic therapy in the ____hour window offers moderate net benefits when applied to all patients with potentially disabling deficits and large artery cerebral thrombotic occlusions.

A

3- to 6-hour

137
Q

CI to thrombolysis

A

hx of cerebrovascular hemorrhage at any time
nonhemorrhagic stroke or other cerebrovascular event within apst yr
marked htn >180/110 mmHg at ANY TIME during the acute presentation
suspicion of aortic dissection

active internal bleeding (excluding menses)

138
Q

prothrombotics

A
  1. tranexamic acid
  2. vit k.
  3. desmopressin
  4. aprotinin
139
Q

antiplasmin drug

aminocaproic acid

A

tranexamic acid

140
Q

competitively inhibits plasminogen activation by inhibiting tPA

A

tranexamic acid

141
Q

CI of tranexamic acid

A

disseminated intravascular coagulation

142
Q

uses of tranexamic acid

A

prevention and tx of acute bleeding episodes in ptx with high risk of bleeding (hemophilia, intracranial aneurysms, menstrual, obstetric, postop)

143
Q

SE tranexamic acid

A

hypotension
myopathy
diarrhea
thrombosis

144
Q

endogenous vitamin

for synthesis of fx vitamin K dependent clotting and anticlotting factors

A

Vitamin K1 (phytonadione)
Vit K2 menaquinone
vit k3 menadione
phytomenadione

145
Q

antidote to warfarin

A

Vitamin K1 (phytonadione)
Vit K2 menaquinone
vit k3 menadione
phytomenadione

146
Q

uses of vit k

A

prevention of hemorrhagic diathesis in newborns
vit k deficiency
antidote to warfarin

147
Q

SE vit K

A

severe infusion rxn when administered too fast (dyspnea, chest and back pain)

148
Q

this vit k is ineffective

A

vit k3 menadione

149
Q

ADH agonist
V2 receptor agonist
inc factor 8 activity of ptx with mild hemophilia A or von willebrand disease

A

Desmopressin
vasopresin
terlipressin

150
Q

serine protease inhibitor

antiplasmin drug

A

aprotinin

151
Q

inhibits plasmin and plasmin streptokinase complex in ptx who receibed streptokinase

A

aprotinin

152
Q

aprotinin uses

A

post op or intra op bleeding

153
Q

SE of aprotinin

A

inc risk of renal failure
heart attack and stroke

removed from market due to mortality

154
Q

this is the most common acuse of acute myocardial infarction , ischemic stroke, and limb gangrene

A

arterial thrombosis

- predominance of platelets in aterial thrombi

155
Q

Antiplatelet drug
antiinflammatory drug
COX INHIBITOR , non-selective, irreversible

reduce production of TXA2

A

ASPIRIN,
SALSALATE
SODIUM SALICYLATE

156
Q

aspirin

uses

A 
prevention of aterial thrombosis (MI, TIA, CVD) 
Inflammatory disorders (rheumatic fever, kawasaki disease, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis )
157
Q

SE of aspirin

A 
GI toxicity 
nephrotoxicity 
tinnitus 
hypersensitivity
hyperventilation
HAGMA 
inc bleeding time
nephrotoxicity (AKI and interstitial nephritis)
158
Q

toxic dose of aspirin

A

150 mg/kg

70 kg, 21 tabs

159
Q

lethal dose of aspirin

A

500 mg /kg

70 kg, 70 tablets

160
Q

triad of aspirin hypersensitivity

A

Samter triad

  1. asthma
  2. aspirin sensitivity
  3. nasal polyps
161
Q

what is the expected acid base abnormality in salicylate poisoning

A

respiratory alkalosis with HAGMA

inc resp drive -> hyperventilation-> resp alkalosis

uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation leads to inc anaerobic metabolis via LACTIC ACIDOSIS and high-anion gap metabolic acidosis

162
Q

difference in presentation of ASA intoxication in children and adults

A

adults = mixed acid base disorder
respiratory alkalosis with HAGMA

children = pure acid base disorder (HAGMA)

163
Q

what is the diff between INHIBITOR
and
UNCOUPLER of oxidative phosphorylation?

A

inhibitors: completely halt ETC
uncouplers: dissipate proton gradient without interrupting ETC

164
Q

antiplatelet drug

GP IIa/IIIa inhibitor

A

Abciximab
Eptifibatide
Tirofiban

165
Q

Uses of abciximab

A

used during PCI to prevent thrombosis
adjunct to thrombolysis,
acute coronary syndromes (unstable angina, NSTEMI)

166
Q

SE abciximab

A

bleeding

thrombocytopenia

167
Q

antiplatelet drug
thienopyridine
ADP inhibitor

A

Clopidogrel
Ticlopidine
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor

168
Q

Uses of clopidogrel

A

prevention and tx of arteral thrombosis (stroke, TIA, UA)
prevention of restenosis after PCI
ACS

169
Q

SE clopidogrel

A 
bleeding
nausea
dyspepsia
hematologic 
-neutropenia 
-leukopenia 
- thromotic thrombocytopenic purpura  (Ticlopidine)
170
Q

Clopidogrel + aspirin

A

additive

171
Q

this drug specifically inhibits ADP subtype P2Y

allosteric antagonist

A

Clopidogrel

172
Q

antiplatelet drug

PDE inhibitor

A

dipyridamole

cilostazol

173
Q

MOA
inhibit PDEIII -> inc. cAMP (platelets and BV) -> aggregation and vasodilation

inhibit adenosine uptake by endothelial cells and RBC -> inc adenosine -> inhibition of platelet aggregation

A

dipyridamole

cilostazol

174
Q

uses of

dipyridamole
cilostazol

A
  1. prevention of thromboembolic complications of cardiac valve replacement
  2. 2ndary prevention of ischemic stroke (with aspirin)
  3. Cilostazol -intermittent claudication
175
Q

SE of

dipyridamole
cilostazol

A

headache

palpitations

176
Q

cilostazole is CI in

A

HF

177
Q

drugs which inhibit formation of fibrin clots

mainly used for prevention and tx of venous thrombosis (pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis )

A

anticoagulants

178
Q

activates antothrombin III (inactivates thrombin or Factor IIa, Factor IXA and factor Xa) by forming stable complexes

A

hepatin

179
Q

impairs post translation modification of factors II, VII, IX, and X
vit K dependent factors
2,7,9,10

A

warfarin

180
Q

monitoring of heparin effect

A

PTT

181
Q

warfarin

monitoring

A

PT

182
Q

antidote for hepation

A

protamine

183
Q

antidote for warfarin

A

vit k, ffp

184
Q

this lab test will assess extrinsic pathway

A

PT

extrinsic = PeT

185
Q

this lab test will assess intrinsic pathway

A

PTT

Brad PiTT

186
Q

DOC for anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

heparin

187
Q

a heparinoid
80% hepatin
20% dermatan sulfate

A

sulodexide

188
Q

ROUTE

hepatin

A

IV , SC

189
Q

uses of heparin

A 
DVT 
PE 
UA 
MI 
adjuvant to PCI  and thrombolytics 
AF

DOC for anticoagulation during pregnancy
angioplasty and stent placement : (+) with GPIIb-IIIa inhibitors (abciximab)
revascularization procedures: (+) thrombolytics

190
Q

binds and potentiates effect of antithombin III on factor Xa (more selective)
less effect on factor IIa/thrombin

A 
enoxaparin
dalteparin
tinzaparin
danaparoid 
fondaparinux 
nadroparin
191
Q

SE enoxaparin

A 
DVT 
PE 
UA 
MI 
adjuvant to PCI  and thrombolytics 
AF
192
Q

SE heparin

A

bleeding
heparin induced thrombocytopenia
osteoporosis with chronic use

193
Q

advantage of enoxaparin

A

do not require aPTT monitoring

higher bioavailability, longer t1/2

194
Q

binds to thrombin’s active and inhibits its enzymatic action

A 
lepirudin
desirudin 
bivalirudin 
argatroban 
dabigatran

Basic Pharmacology (15 decks)

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