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Pharmacology > 4- CNS Pharmacology > Flashcards

4- CNS Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

GABAa receptor activation leads to ?

A

Increased Cl influx

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2
Q

GABAb activation leads to ?

A

Increased K efflux

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3
Q

BZ1 receptor mediates what ?

A

Sedation

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4
Q

BZ2 receptor mediates what ?

A

Antianxiety and impairment of cognitive function

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5
Q

Withdrawal signs of BZs ?

A

Rebound insomnia
Anxiety
Seizures when BZs were used as antiepileptic or in high doses

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6
Q

Withdrawal signs of barbiturates and ethanol ?

A

Anxiety
Agitation
Life threatening seizures

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7
Q

Examples for BZ1 agonists ?

A

Zolpidem

Zaleplon

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8
Q

Buspiron mechanism of action ?

A

5-HT1a partial agonist

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9
Q

Effects of increased oxalic acid ?

A

CNS depression
Severe metabolic acidosis
Nephrotoxicity

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10
Q

Effects of increased formic acid ?

A

Respiratory failure
Severe anion gab metabolic acidosis
Ocular damage

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11
Q

Drugs that cause disulfiram-like effects ?

A

Metronidazole

Griseofulvin

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12
Q

Selective NE reuptake inhibitor ?

A

Atomoxetine

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13
Q

COMT inhibitors ?

A

Tolcapone

Entacapone

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14
Q

Selegiline metabolized to ? Causing ?

A

Amphetamine causing insomnia

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15
Q

DA receptor agonists ?

A

Pramipexole
Ropinirole
Bromocriptine

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16
Q

Side effects of thioridazine ?

A

Cardiotoxicity

Retinal deposits

17
Q

Side effects of Clozapine ?

A

Agranulocytosis
Increased salivation ( wet pillow syndrome )
Seizures

18
Q

Side effects of Nitrous oxide as anesthetics ?

A

Diffusional hypoxia

Spontaneous abortions

19
Q

Mechanism of action of tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin ?

A

Block activated Na channels

Decrease Na influx

20
Q

Mechanism of action of Ciguatoxin and Batrachotoxin ?

A

Bind to activated Na channels —>
Cause inactivation —>
Prolong Na influx

21
Q

Atracurium is inactivated to ? Which may cause ?

A

Laudanosine which may cause seizures

22
Q

Contraindications for opioids ?

A 
Head injury 
Pulmonary dysfunction ( except pulmonary edema ) 
Hepatic / renal dysfunction 
Adrenal or thyroid deficiencies 
Pregnancy ( except meperidine )
23
Q

Metabolite of meperidine ? Its action ?

A

Normeperedine

Serotonin reuptake inhibitor

24
Q

Opioids that are full agonists ?

A

Meperidine
Methadone
Codeine

25
Q

Opioids that are mixed agonist antagonist ?

A

Nalbuphine

Pentazocine

26
Q

Opioids that are antagonists ?

A

Naloxone
Naltrexone
Methylnaltrexone

27
Q

Use of methylnaltrexone ?

A

Ttt of opioid induced constipation ( doesnot cross bbb and wont precipitate withdrawal )

28
Q

Use of Dextromethorphan ?

A

Ttt pf cough

29
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of opioid analgesics ?

A

Yawning
Lacrimation , rhinorrhea , salivation
Muscle cramps , spasms , CNS-originating pain

30
Q

PCP mechanism of action ?

A

NMDA-receptor antagonist

31
Q

Ketamine mechanism of action ?

A

Glutamate receptor antagonist

32
Q

GABAb receptor agonist ?

A

Baclofen

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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