4. Blood Vessels And Nerves

Question 1

Name the 5 layers of an artery/vein

Answer 1

Intima, Internal elastic lamina, media, external elastic lamina, adventitia

Question 2

Are arteries near the heart more elastic / muscular?

Answer 2

Elastic (Media is reinforced with sheets of elastic toss us so recoil smooths blood supply and withstand high blood pressure)

Question 3

What do pericytes do?

Answer 3

Constrict or relax lumen of capillaries and veins

Question 4

How are lymphatics different to capillaries?

Answer 4

Larger, irregular outline, have valves and are made of venous valve material covered by endothelium.
Filled with amorphous (pink) lymph

Question 5

What are supporting cells in the CNS and PNS called?

Answer 5

Oligodendrocytes (CNS) or Schwann cells (PNS)

Question 6

What is the perineurium?

Answer 6

Surrounds axons to form a nerve fibre.

Question 7

What is the endoneurium?

Answer 7

Between individual axons

Question 8

What is the epineurium?

Answer 8

Between nerve fibres to form a nerve.

Question 9

What colours are stained in H&E

Answer 9

Connective tissue = pink
Elastic tissue = black

Question 10

What is vasa vasorum?

Answer 10

Blood supply to large arteries

Question 11

Define arterioles

Answer 11

Arterial vessels with less than. 3 layers of smooth muscle in media or <100um diameter.
Lacks elastic external lamina

Question 12

Describe venules

Answer 12

Thinner endothelium walls with connective tissue and little/no muscle

Question 13

Myelinated vs unmyelinated axons

Answer 13

M = Supported by 1:1 Schwann cells
U = 1 Schwann cell can support multiple unmyelinated axons