10. Urinary system

Question 1

Which cells produce renin?

Answer 1

Macula densa (of distal tubule)

Question 2

Proximal tubules

Answer 2

Simple cuboidal with prominent brush border, central nuclei and many mitochondria

Question 3

Loop of henle

Answer 3

Cuboidal ascending and descending and simple squamous deep loop
Vasa recta run alongside

Question 4

Distal tubules

Answer 4

No brush border, numerous mitochondria, appear pale

Question 5

Collecting ducts

Answer 5

Cuboidal with round central nuclei.

Question 6

Urothelium

Answer 6

Complex stratified epithelium with waterproof umbrella layer then pseudostratified under.
Lines renal pelvis, bladder, urethra
(Appears cuboidal above columnar)

Question 7

7 layers of urinary bladder

Answer 7

Urothelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa
Submucosa
3 smooth muscle layers
Subserosa
Serosa

Question 8

Ureter

Answer 8

Star shaped lumen lined by urothelium and 2 helical smooth muscle layers.

Question 9

Urethra

Answer 9

Pseudo stratified columnar -> non keratinised stratified squamous
Mucous glands
(Bartholin glands in female)

Question 10

Which part of nephron in medulla?

Answer 10

Loops of henle
Collecting ducts