3rd Q exam Flashcards
a broad concept that cannot be defined by a single statement
reading
an interaction between two entities who are, the sender and the receiver
communication porcess
in reading the sender is the?
writer
in reading the receiver is the?
reader
the most basic skill in reading that we can start with is?
assigning meaning or names to symbols seen in print
to achieve this, one must undergo and achieve certain stages
proficiency
what affects one’s understanding of a reading material?
genre, cultural context, personal preferences, vocabulary
this means to make sense of a text
decoding
proficiency requires what characteristics?
fluency and accuracy
reading a text with understanding means?
accuracy
reading a tetx with little to no obstacles in between. also the smoothness and rate of reading
fluency
stage 0 in reading development
pre reading or I WANT
what age is stage 0
birth - 6
no reading takes place, but takes effect when a child gains the desire to learn the language of his environment
stage 0 / i want / pre reading
stage 1 in reading development
initial reading stage or I START
what age is stage 1
7-8
in this stage, the child acquires basic skills in reading such as recognziing the symbols that represent the letters of the alphabet
stage 1 / i start / inital reading
AGE OF STAGE 2
9-12
reading not to practice, but to acquire new pieces of information
stage 3 / reading for learning the new / i acquire
stage 2 of reading development
confirmation and fluency or I IMPROVE
the skills learned from the prev. stage is put into practice
stage 2 / confirmation and fluency / i improve
age of stage 4
14-17
age of stage 5
18 - onwards
age for stage 3
12-13
stage 3
reading for learning the new or I ACQUIRE
stage 4
multiple view points / i explore
stage 5
construction and reconstruction / i decide
reads new pieces of info that validate or negate the prev. info acquired
stage 4 / multiple viewpoints / i explore
acquires sound judgment and makes informed decisions to make his own evaluation on the info he gets a hold of
stage 5 / i decide/ constrcution and reconstruction
the totality of one’s learnings acquired over time
schemata
when our understanding is more reliant on details in the text rather our schemata.
bottom up
when there is enough info in our schemata that we rely more on it rather than the details of the text
top down
combination of top down and bottom up
interactive
reading for overview or generalized idea. the fastest type of reading, just browsing thru the text.
skimming
looking for specific ideas, words, definition, or concepts
scanning
more focused on goal of academic survival and focused on understanding the idea of one text
intensive or functional reading
reading for leisure and pleasure reading. done during free time
light type of reading
extensive or recreational reading
reading with annotations and highlighting
detailed study reading
reading poems, novels, and narratives
literature
to check proper pronunciation, enunciation, intonation, and fluency
read aloud
reading on ones own if given a material to read or have a free time just to read
independent reading
for one to be more accurate and fleunt in terms of reading
developmental reading
known by reading out loud and being given techniques on how to read
fluency reading
you will be assigned a material with a group
shared reading
done because we dont have enough time to read eveyrhtinigf
selective or keyword reading
offered to speciifc students who are not up to par with their peers
remedial reading
applying different strategies to read
strategic reading
given guided questions or have the presecne of the teahcer
guided reading
done because u dont have enough time to read
SPEED READING
reading inside ur mind
sub vocalized reading
checking for mistakes
proof reading
SPE
STRucture proposition and evaluation
helps u in understanidng materials
multiple intelligences
it is any form of oral and wrriten communication with common observable patterns
genre in language
art and music
genre in the dictionary
two types of genres
literary and factual
making use of creative language
literary
purely informative text
factual
this utilizes form, rhyme, meter, and stanzas
poetry
a story in verse that is sung and possesses melody
lyrics
it is the shortest type of lyric
simple lyrics
it requires stanzas and is meant to be sung
songs
it consists of 14 lines
sonnet
it pays tribute or celebrates. person
ode
peom for the deadq
elegy
it tells a story in verse and has characters
narrative
it is a heroic journey
epic
romantic narration in verse
ballad
moral issues in narrative
metrical tale
it shows romantic quest
metrical romance
it is poems for acting and is made to perform
dramtic
a singular charater of a play speaking interrupted in front of an audience
dramatic monologue
Characters speak their mind out loud while the others
are frozen; like a monologue.
Soliloquy
Voiceover to introduce
a Character
Character Sketch
Makes use of ordinary language in sentences and paragraphs. Complete sentences with complete thought.
Prose
prose that emerges from an author’s imagination
Fiction
around 50 to 1k words. Published in
newspapers
Flash Fiction
prose that has 3.5k to 7k words
Short Story
shortest kind of novel may chapters pero 7,500 to 17k words
Novelletes
prose that has 17k to 40k words
novella
prose that has 40k words and more
novel
prose that are Facts and grounded on reality
Non-Fiction
FACTUAL GENRE
P E E R I
procedure
explanation
exposition
recount
info. report
WHY?
* Reason for existence of a term or phenomenon it shows causes and effects
- Justifies reason or phenomenon and its importance and relevance
Explanation -
- WHAT?
- Defining the Basic Concept
- Sentence of definitions.
It starts with the definition followed by an explanation
Information Report
- HOW?
- Look back, reminisce, learn the history… ALWAYS IN THE PAST
- Events in chronological order.
- Narrating an Experience
Recount
PRO’s & CON’s?
* Details showing the 2 sides of every topic or issue. Minimum of two but can be multiple
* Compares something to something
“Differences and Similarities of
something”
“Negative and Positive sides of something”
Exposition
R. Vacca & J.A. Vacca and Meyer and Hermosa in 2002: Believed genres are too broad and they concluded that we only have TWO PURPOSES WHEN WE WRITE:
- Tell a story: tell a story
- Give information: expository
Narrative Texts Structure
I I A C R
initating event
internal response
attempt
consequence
reaction
introduces the problem
- Initiating Event -
The effect towards the characters of the story (she becomes sad)
Internal Response
An action to solve the internal response or problem
Attempt
The effect of the action so it could be successful or a recipe for failure. If the character fails she can have another internal
response and or attempt
Consequence
Expository Text Types
E T C C P
enumeration
time order
compare and contrast
cause and effect
prob solution
The conclusion of the character
Reaction
like an info report because we don’t just list but also give information. (clue words: one, first, next, whally, lastly, least of all, most of all)
Enumeration -
- like recount but we look at past and future as long as events are arranged chronologically (first, second, thirds, in the beginning, in the end, shortly after)
Time Order
like an exposition (on one hand,on the other hand, similarities and differences)
Compare and Contrast
like an explanation (as a result, because)
Cause and Effect -
Structure of expository test type
Introduction (gives the subject
of the text)
* Body (provides the sub-topics pertaining to the subject)
* Ending (brings the text to a close
- Like a procedure (as a result, because)
Problem-Solution
—– requires reading in between the lines.
* This enables the readers to easily identify fallacious arguments made in the text.
Critical Reading
Ideas can be expressed in 2 ways:
- Implied
- Stated
Requires Critical
Thinking and Critical Reading
- Implied -
Requires Critical
Reading ONLY
- Stated -
Draws out unsaid ideas in the text; making a wild guess.
Making Inferences -
Words, Phrases, or Punctuation marks used to guide readers in understanding deep words used.
Context Clues -
- immediately after the comma of a big word.
Defines the word
Definition
- Utilizes words with similar meanings
Synonym
- Utilizes
comparison with contrasting ideas in the text
Antonym
- A writer’s tool in creatively expressing an idea.
Figures of Speech
- Comparison using
“like” or “as”
Simile
- Comparison without “like” or “as”
Metaphor
- Assigning human-like qualities to nonhuman entities
Personification
- An exaggeration
Hyperbole
- Imitation of sound
Onomatopoeia
- A repetition of the first consonant sound
Alliteration
- Word or phrase represents the whole population or idea
Synecdoche
- Words that are closely linked/ related to each other
Metonymy
- Pair of contradicting words
Oxymoron
- Statement contradicts itself
Paradox
- Difference between expectation and reality
Irony
- Polite words in place of harsh and direct statements
Euphemisms
is safer for the eyes of readers and provides an authentic reading experience with enhanced comprehension
Traditional Reading
- Any language or text as it is used and encoded in the World Wide Web
HYPERTEXT
is much more accessible and readers are in charge of the sequence of reading
Online Reading
QUALITIES OF HYPERTEXT
interactive and multi sequential
The reader takes part in choosing what to read
Interactive -
- Process of reading and its outcome vary from one reader to anothe
- Multi-Sequential
comprehension monitoring skills
REVIEWING
EVALUATING
SYNTHESIZING
- Assessment of the text and if it serves its purpose
Evaluating
Scanning and Skimming of the text to get the gist of what you’re reading
Reviewing -
- Combination of information from different sources for the text to serve its purpose.
Synthesizing
