3A - The Periodic Table definitions

Question 1

Alkali

Answer 1

A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions

Question 2

Alkaline

Answer 2

A term used to describe a solution containing hydroxide ions

Question 3

Alkaline earth metals

Answer 3

Group 2 metals.

Metals that don’t occur in their elemental form naturally. They’re found in stable compounds e.g. calcium carbonate for Ca

Question 4

Alkalinity

Answer 4

A measure of the concentration of hydroxide ions present in an alkaline solution

Units = moldm^-3

Question 5

pH

Answer 5

A measure of the concentration of H⁺ ions present in a solution

Question 6

Solubility

Answer 6

A measure of the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

Often expressed in moldm^-3. This represents the maximum number of moles of a solute able to dissolve in 1dm³ of water.

Question 7

Anion

Answer 7

A negatively charged ion with more electrons than protons

Question 8

Base

Answer 8

A compound that neutralisaes an acid to form a salt

Question 9

Cation

Answer 9

A positively charged ion with fewer electrons than protons

Question 10

Disproportionation

Answer 10

A redox reaction in which the same element is both oxidised and reduced

Question 11

Intermolecular force

Answer 11

An attractive force between molecules.

Intermolecular forces can be london forces, permanent dipole-dipole interactions or hydrogen bonding.

Question 12

Oxidation

Answer 12

Loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number

Question 13

Reduction

Answer 13

Gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number

Question 14

Redox

Answer 14

A reaction involving reduction and oxidation