3A-Anatomy of the LEEVER Flashcards
What are the 4 lobes of the liver?
1.Right 2.Left 3.Caudate 4.QUADrate
What is the basic functional unit of the liver?
the Lobule
What makes up the almighty lobule?
ROWS and ROWS of Hepatocytes
What does blood use for transportation from the hepatic portal veins to the central vein of a lobule?
A sinusoid
What does BILE use for transportation from the central vein area of the lobule to the blue duct?
A Canaliculus
Which has more connective tissue between lobules: human or pig liver?
Pig liver has more connective tissue between lobules then human.
What are the contents of the Portal TetRad?
1.A Portal Vein 2.A Hepatic Artery 3.A Bile Duct 4.A lymphantic vessel
Where do hepatic macrophages hang out? What are they called?
Kupffer Cells…they hang out in the blood sinusoids
What are the two types of debris removed by Kupffer cells?
Bacteria and worn-out blood cells
Within each lobule, HEPATOCYTES are arranged into _________ separated by adjacent sinusoids.
HEPATIC CORDS (we didn’t talk about this much…)
Where does the Common Hepatic Artery branch out of off the aorta?
The Celiac Trunk!
What is unique about the sinusoids that carry blood?
Its mixed blood!…Both oxygenated and deoxygenated/nutrient rich blood!
What are the three main branches supplying the portal liver vein with deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood?
Splenic Vein, Inferior Mesenteric, Superior Mesenteric
The sinusoids are lined by a ________ endothelium. An have NO _____________.
fenestrated—LATIN for window….NO underlying basement membrane
Sinusoidal fenestrations permit blood plasma to wash freely over the exposed surfaces of the hepatocytes in the ___________ (___________).
SPACE OF DISSE (perisinusoidal space)
Sinusoidal blood flow is always ________ the central vein.
TOWARDS
What is the downside to the fenestrated endothelium of the liver sinusoid?
Possible EDEMA
Because substances in the plasma move freely into the spaces of Disse, the liver MUST have an extremely high ________ to prevent accumulation of interstitial fluid.
lymph flow
If pressure rises in the portal veins & sinusoids, excessive amounts of fluid begin to transude into the lymph and to leak through the outer surface of the liver capsule directly into the abdominal cavity producing ______.
ASCITES–“Ass-Eye-Tee’s”
The word ascites is of Greek origin (askos) and means ________.
bag or sac
Ascites describes the condition of pathologic _________ within the abdominal cavity.
fluid accumulation
Healthy men have little or no intraperitoneal fluid, but women may normally have as much as _____ mL depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle. WHAT is an EXTREME amount of Ascites?
20 mL…extreme amount: 500-1000mL!!!!
Because of its portal blood supply and extensive lymphatic circulation, the liver is a prime site for the spread of ________ (________) from elsewhere in the body, especially from the ______, _____, and _____.
cancerous cells (metastasis)…GI Tract, Breast, and Lung.
What is the phenomena of most drugs absorbed from the GI tract enter the portal circulation and encounter the liver before they are distributed into the general circulation?
The FIRST PASS effect
How does Bile drain the liver? (3 steps)
1.R/L Hepatic Duct 2.Common Hepatic Duct 3.Common Bile Duct
Which duct leads bile from the liver to the Gall Bladder?
Cystic Duct
