3A-Anatomy of the LEEVER

Question 1

What are the 4 lobes of the liver?

Answer 1

1.Right 2.Left 3.Caudate 4.QUADrate

Question 2

What is the basic functional unit of the liver?

Answer 2

the Lobule

Question 3

What makes up the almighty lobule?

Answer 3

ROWS and ROWS of Hepatocytes

Question 4

What does blood use for transportation from the hepatic portal veins to the central vein of a lobule?

Answer 4

A sinusoid

Question 5

What does BILE use for transportation from the central vein area of the lobule to the blue duct?

Answer 5

A Canaliculus

Question 6

Which has more connective tissue between lobules: human or pig liver?

Answer 6

Pig liver has more connective tissue between lobules then human.

Question 7

What are the contents of the Portal TetRad?

Answer 7

1.A Portal Vein 2.A Hepatic Artery 3.A Bile Duct 4.A lymphantic vessel

Question 8

Where do hepatic macrophages hang out? What are they called?

Answer 8

Kupffer Cells…they hang out in the blood sinusoids

Question 9

What are the two types of debris removed by Kupffer cells?

Answer 9

Bacteria and worn-out blood cells

Question 10

Within each lobule, HEPATOCYTES are arranged into _________ separated by adjacent sinusoids.

Answer 10

HEPATIC CORDS (we didn’t talk about this much…)

Question 11

Where does the Common Hepatic Artery branch out of off the aorta?

Answer 11

The Celiac Trunk!

Question 12

What is unique about the sinusoids that carry blood?

Answer 12

Its mixed blood!…Both oxygenated and deoxygenated/nutrient rich blood!

Question 13

What are the three main branches supplying the portal liver vein with deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood?

Answer 13

Splenic Vein, Inferior Mesenteric, Superior Mesenteric

Question 14

The sinusoids are lined by a ________ endothelium. An have NO _____________.

Answer 14

fenestrated—LATIN for window….NO underlying basement membrane

Question 15

Sinusoidal fenestrations permit blood plasma to wash freely over the exposed surfaces of the hepatocytes in the ___________ (___________).

Answer 15

SPACE OF DISSE (perisinusoidal space)

Question 16

Sinusoidal blood flow is always ________ the central vein.

Answer 16

TOWARDS

Question 17

What is the downside to the fenestrated endothelium of the liver sinusoid?

Answer 17

Possible EDEMA

Question 18

Because substances in the plasma move freely into the spaces of Disse, the liver MUST have an extremely high ________ to prevent accumulation of interstitial fluid.

Answer 18

lymph flow

Question 19

If pressure rises in the portal veins & sinusoids, excessive amounts of fluid begin to transude into the lymph and to leak through the outer surface of the liver capsule directly into the abdominal cavity producing ______.

Answer 19

ASCITES–“Ass-Eye-Tee’s”

Question 20

The word ascites is of Greek origin (askos) and means ________.

Answer 20

bag or sac

Question 21

Ascites describes the condition of pathologic _________ within the abdominal cavity.

Answer 21

fluid accumulation

Question 22

Healthy men have little or no intraperitoneal fluid, but women may normally have as much as _____ mL depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle. WHAT is an EXTREME amount of Ascites?

Answer 22

20 mL…extreme amount: 500-1000mL!!!!

Question 23

Because of its portal blood supply and extensive lymphatic circulation, the liver is a prime site for the spread of ________ (________) from elsewhere in the body, especially from the ______, _____, and _____.

Answer 23

cancerous cells (metastasis)…GI Tract, Breast, and Lung.

Question 24

What is the phenomena of most drugs absorbed from the GI tract enter the portal circulation and encounter the liver before they are distributed into the general circulation?

Answer 24

The FIRST PASS effect

Question 25

How does Bile drain the liver? (3 steps)

Answer 25

1.R/L Hepatic Duct 2.Common Hepatic Duct 3.Common Bile Duct

Question 26

Which duct leads bile from the liver to the Gall Bladder?

Answer 26

Cystic Duct