38. Additives in meat production Flashcards
Why is additives used?
To give;
- flavor enhancement
- increase preservation
- color
Which products are additives restricted in?
Honey, fermented milk products with living culture, dried pasta, coffe and butter.
Aswell as in food for infants/young
What does it mean that additives must apply to the principle set by EU?
“Add as much of this ingredients as is needed to achieve the desired result, but not more”
How should a meat product with additives be labelled?
- “E” code for EU
- If they have laxative effects (polyols)
- If aspartame salt is present
- Exception SO2 - whole name must be written (sulfur dioxide) and not only E220 as its a recognized allergen
Give some examples of E code of food additives
E220 (sulfur dioxide)
E421 (Mannitol - sugar alcohol)
E967 (Xylitol - suger alcohol polyol - low calorie sweetener)
What are classification of additives?
- Natural
- Identical with natural
- Modifying natural substances
- Synthetic
What are some natural additives?
carotenes, bixin
What are some additives identical with natural ?
ascorbic acid (antioxidant)
citric acid
What are some additives with modifying natural substances?
emulsifiers, mannitol, starchW
What are some synthetic additives?
- tartrazine - yellow/orange food dye (carcinogenic concern)
- antioxidants - BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), widely used
What are some additive groups?
Sweeteners
Colours
Flavor enhancers
Emulsifiers
Gelling / glazing agents
Thickeners
Acids and acid regulators
What are some color additives that’s being used?
- Cochineal
- Paprika extract
- Beetroot red
- Caramel
- Riboflavin
- Carotenoids
- Synthetic color -> allura red
What are some acids and acid regulators additives being used?
Antioxidants.
- Ascorbic acid - color stability, red color
- Lactic acids, salts - increase shelf-life and reduce water activity.
What are some gelling agents or thickener additives being used?
Hydrocolloids from plants (starch) and animal proteins (gelatin, collagen, blood)
What are some preservative additives being used?
- Nitrites - color stabilization
- Nitrate - meat preservation and have anti-clostridial effect.
- Natamycin, Polyphosphate - natural preservatives
What are some flavor additives being used?
Glutamates - salt substitutes, seasong
