3.7.4.1 Populations in ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

Species

A

organisms can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

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2
Q

Population

A

group of the same species in the same area

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3
Q

Community

A

groups of different species within the same area

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4
Q

Ecosystem

A

the community and the non living aspects

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5
Q

Habitat

A

small part of ecosystem where a population lives

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6
Q

Abiotic factors

A

non living parts of a habitat

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7
Q

Biotic factors

A

living parts of a habitat

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8
Q

Biotic factors

A

living parts of a habitat

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9
Q

Niche

A

the role a species has in its community / environment

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10
Q

2 species being unable to occupy the same niche means that …

A

both species are able to be successful in the same ecosystem

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11
Q

Is competition biotic or abiotic?

A

biotic

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12
Q

If individuals are more similar, what does this mean for the competition?

A

competition more intense

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13
Q

Intraspecific competition

A

competition within the same species

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14
Q

Interspecific competition

A

competition between different species

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15
Q

Intraspecific competition and competition and population

A
  • variation in population means some organisms are able to compete (survival of the fittest)
  • availability of resources determine size of population
  • relatively stable population
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16
Q

Interspecific competition and competition and population

A

one population will grow and the other will shrink - individuals of different species occupying parts of same niche, one species will have competitive advantage over the other

17
Q

Open system

A
  • nature
  • both biotic & abiotic factors can change
  • not controlled
18
Q

Closed system

A
  • for microbes in lab
  • start with limited resources
  • controlled factors (e.g. conc of sugar, o2)
19
Q

4 stages of population growth curve (open system)

A
  1. lag phase
  2. log phase
  3. effects of limiting factors
  4. carrying capacity
20
Q

Extra stage of population growth curve (closed system)

A

death (where cell death outnumbers cell division)

21
Q

In death stage why would cell death outnumber cell division?

A
  • less or no sugars (glucose - less or no respiration)

- more toxins (waste products trapped e.g. CO2 & ethanol increase acidity)

22
Q

What happens during the log phase?

A

lots of reproduction / lots of cell division in unicellular organisms

23
Q

What happens during carrying capacity phase?

A

stabilising number of individuals

24
Q

What happens if predator increases and why?

A
  • decrease in prey population

- more predation

25
Q

What happens if prey increases and why?

A
  • increase in predator population

- more food for predators, able to survive and reproduce