3.7 Types Of Protiens Flashcards
What are the properties of globular proteins
Compact, water soluble, usually rough and spherical in shape
When do globular proteins form
Form when proteins fold into their tertiary structures in a way that the hydrophobic r groups are kept away from the aqueous environment
Why are globular proteins water soluble
Because the hydrophilic r groups are kept on the outside of the proteins
Why is it important for globular proteins to be water soluble
They are vital for chemical reactions, immunity and muscle contractions
What is an example of a globular protein
Insulin
What are conjugated proteins
Globular proteins that contain a prosthetic group
What is a prosthetic group
Non protein component of a conjugated protein
What are examples of conjugated proteins
Lipids joining with proteins to become lipoproteins
Carbohydrates joining with proteins forming glycoproteins
What is haemoglobin
The red oxygen carrying pigment found in the red blood cells
What type of protein is haemoglobin
A quaternary protein made from four polypeptides
What four polypeptides is haemoglobin made from
Two alpha and two beta subunits
What are haem groups
Prosthetic groups that contain iron 2 so can transport oxygen
What is catalase
An enzyme that speeds up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
What type of protein is catalase
Quaternary
What are fibrous proteins
Long, insoluble, structural proteins
Why are fibrous proteins insoluble
Because of the large amount of hydrophobic r groups in their primary structures
Why are fibrous proteins very organised structures
Because there is a very limited range of amino acids causing the sequence to be repetitive
What are examples of fibrous proteins
Keratin
Elastin
Collagen
What is keratin
A group of fibrous proteins present in hair, skin and nails
What are the characteristics of keratin
Strong, inflexible and insoluble
What determines the degree of flexibility of keratin
The degree of disulfide bonds
What is elastin
A fibrous protein found in elastic fibres
Where are elastic fibres containing elastin found
In the walls of blood vessels and in the alveoli of the lungs
What is the main characteristic of elastin
It is stretchy and elastic
What type of protein is elastin
Quaternary
What is collagen
A fibrous protein which acts as a connective tissue in skin, tendons, ligaments and the nervous system
What is the make up of collagen
Three polypeptides wound together in a long rope like structure
What is the key property of collagen
Flexibility
What is the difference between conjugated and simple proteins
Conjugated contain a prosthetic group whereas simple don’t
