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Jaspie - Pharmacology > 37 - Alcohols > Flashcards

37 - Alcohols Flashcards

1
Q

Responsible for ethanol metabolism at blood levels higher than 100mg/dl

A

Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System (MEOS)

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2
Q

Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase

A

Disulfiram
Metronidazole
Oral hypoglycemics
Cephalosporin

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3
Q

Blood Alcohol Concentration?

Impaired Driving Ability

A

60-80 mg/dl

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4
Q

Blood Alcohol Concentration?

Emesis, Stupor

A

200-300 mg/dl

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5
Q

Blood Alcohol Concentration?

Coma

A

300-400 mg/dl

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6
Q

Blood Alcohol Concentration?

Death

A

> 500 mg/dl

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7
Q

Ataxia
Confusion
Ophthalmoplegia

Disease?

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

weird ACO!

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8
Q

Treatment for Wernicke Syndrome

A

Vitamin B1

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9
Q

Brain changes in Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

A

Bilateral hemorrhagic necrosis of mamillary bodies

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10
Q

How much alcohol is modest consumption, raising HDL levels and protecting against CAD?

A

10-15 g/day

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11
Q

Manifestations of delirium tremens (3)

A

Hallucinations
Autonomic Disability - unstable vital signs
Delirium
48-72 hours post discontinuation

HAD 48 beers

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12
Q

Treatment for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

A

DOC is long acting benzodiazepine
Diazepam, Chlordiazepoxide

Short acting benzodiazepine is preferred in patients with compromized liver function

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13
Q

Drugs for Alcoholism

A

Naltrexone: Opioid receptor antagonists (cravings)
Acamprosate: NMDA receptor antagonist
Disulfiram: inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase

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14
Q

Drugs with Disulfiram Reactions:

A 
CHLOrpropamide
CefoPERazone
CefoMAndole
CefoTEtan
PROcarbazine
METronidazole

CHLOe PErsonally MAkes TEa PROduct METiculously

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15
Q

Drug that causes visual dysfunction, from commercial solvents, wood alcohol, windshield cleaners

A

Methanol

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16
Q

Treatment for Methanol poisoning

A

Ethanol: competitive inhibitor of methanol
Fomepizole: inhibitor of Alcohol Dehydrogenase

17
Q

Drug that causes renal damages and severe acidosis from industrial exposure
Damage is from accumulation of oxalic acid

A

Ethylene Glycol

18
Q

Treatment for Ethylene Glycol poisoning

A

Ethanol: competes for oxidation by Alcohol dehydrogenase
Fomepizole: slows or prevents formation of oxalic acid

19
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Midazolam
Lorazepam
Diazepam

20
Q

Barbiturates

A

Thipental
Pentobarbital
Phenobarbital

21
Q

At higher doses, alcohol exhibits __________ order kinetics

A

Zero

Jaspie - Pharmacology (16 decks)

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