#37

Question 1

estrogen effects

Answer 1

ova maturation and release

establishes uterine environment

essential for transport of sperm from vagina to fertilization site

breast development in anticipation of lactation

Question 2

Progesterone effects

Answer 2

preparing and maintaining environment in the uterus for nourishing development

contributes to breasts ability to produce milk

Question 3

Ovarian cycle and uterine cycle

Answer 3

ovarian: what happens in the ovary
uterine: what happens in the uterus

Question 4

phases of the ovarian cycle

Answer 4

follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase, new follicualr phase

Question 5

phases of the menstrual cycle

Answer 5

menstrual phase, proliferative phase, secretory phase

Question 6

follicular phase

Answer 6

maturation of follicle (follicle is developing ovum and surrounding follicular cells

Question 7

luteal phase

Answer 7

presence of corpus luteum (develops from ruptured follicle)

Question 8

follicles

Answer 8

contain one ovum surrounded by granulosa cells

Question 9

granulosa cells

Answer 9

secrete estrogen and inhibin, nourish ovum

Question 10

follicular phase- hormones

Answer 10

FSH induces antrum formation around ovum. FSH and estrogen stimulate proliferation of granulosa cells

LH stimulates estrogen secretion

Question 11

follicular phase hormones again

Answer 11

dominated by estrogen secretion. Thecal and follicular cells secrete estrogen

rising LH levels lead to increasing estrogen secretion

Question 12

how is ovulation controlled?

Answer 12

triggered by LH surge. Surge happens when estrogen reaches a certain concentration it switches from being an inhibitor of LH to a stimulator.

Question 13

luteal phase

Answer 13

marked by presence of corpus luteum which secretes progesterone and estrogen (dominated by progesterone)

Progesterone inhibits LH and FSH secretion to prevelnt new follicle maturation

Question 14

Luteal phase other than hormones

Answer 14

prepares uterus for implantation. If fertilization doesn’t occur, the luteum degeneraties. After degeneration, follicular phase begins again

Question 15

Birth control-how does it work?

Answer 15

progesterone tricks the body that its pregnant

Question 16

placenta

Answer 16

organ of exchange between maternal and fetal blood, temporary endocrine organ

Question 17

what hormones does the placenta produce?

Answer 17

hCG, estrogen, progesterone

Question 18

hCG during pregnancy

Answer 18

first trimester. Maintains corpus luteum ( which secretes estrogen and progesterone until 2 trimester)

Question 19

estrogen during pregnancy

Answer 19

first secreted by CL, then by placenta. Maintains endometirum nad stim growht of myometrium

Question 20

Progesterone during pregnancy

Answer 20

maintains endometrium, supresses uterine contractions, uterine plug formation.