3.7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Lang family

A

Largest way to categorize connected languages. They have similar ancestry ad trace back to a common hearth

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2
Q

Lang branches

A

A smaller way to categorize language families

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3
Q

Give an example of a language family and it’s branches

A

Indo European, which includes Romance languages (Portuguese Italian and Spanish) and Germanic

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4
Q

What is the first and second largest language families?

A

Sino Tibetan and Indo-European

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5
Q

Dialects

A

Variation of language (southern English)

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6
Q

Isogloss

A

Physical boundaries for dialects

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7
Q

What is a culture hearth

A

Home or origin of a culture

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8
Q

What are the culture hearths?

A

(I AM NOT GONNA MOVE WEST MR WESTON)
Indus River Valley,
Andean America,
Nile river valley,
Ganges river valley,
Mesoamerica,
Wei/huang River
Mesopotamia
West Africa

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9
Q

What are two ways the Indo-European language family could have spread

A

War (kurgan warrior theory) or Anatolian farmer theory (FARMING)

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10
Q

What makes a religion universal?

A

religion and its goal are open to everyone, missionaries, large diffusion

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11
Q

Give examples of universal religions

A

Christianity, islam, Buddhism, Sikhism

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12
Q

What makes a religion ethnic?

A

Limited diffusion, tied to a cultural group, no missionaries ( no new adherents), restricted to RELOCATION diffusion

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13
Q

Give examples of ethnic religions

A

Hinduism, Judaism, Shintoism, traditional religions

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14
Q

What was the hearth of Christianity

A

The West Bank

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15
Q

Give examples of how Christianity spread

A

Disciples and missionaries taught people (contagious), emperor thodosious declared Christianity for Rome (h), the crusades against Muslims (h), Spanish Inquisition forced people in Spain to be Christian (h) imperialism (r, c, and h)

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16
Q

What is the hearth of islam

A

Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia

17
Q

How did islam spread?

A

Muhammad’s teaching in Arabian peninsula (c), Muslim trade (c), Muslim empires throughout South Asia and India (h), Islamic intellectuals (h), tax on nonbelievers (h), golden age (h)

18
Q

What was the hearth of Buddhism?

A

Northern india and Nepal

19
Q

How did Buddhism spread>

A

Buddha taught, missionaries, traders (c), Ashoka converted South Asia (h)

20
Q

What was the hearth of hinduisim?

A

India

21
Q

how did hinduisim spread?

A

In South Asia, migration of Hindus to former British colonies (R)