Ch 13 Eye Anatomical Terms / Eye pathology Flashcards
1
Q
aqueous
A
pertaining to water or being water-like
2
Q
conjuctival
A
pertaining to the conjunctiva
3
Q
corneal
A
pertaining to the cornea
4
Q
extraocular
A
pertaining to being outside the eyeball; for example, the extraocular eye muscles
5
Q
iridal
A
pertaining to the iris
6
Q
lacrimal
A
pertaining to tears
7
Q
macular
A
pertaining to the macula lutea
8
Q
ocular
A
pertaining to the eye
9
Q
intraocular
A
pertaining to within the eye
10
Q
ophthalmic
A
pertaining to the eye
11
Q
optic
A
pertaining to the eye or vision
12
Q
optical
A
pertaining to the eye or vision
13
Q
pupillary
A
pertaining to the pupil
14
Q
retinal
A
pertaining to the retina
15
Q
scleral
A
pertaining to the sclera
16
Q
uveal
A
pertaining to the choroid layer of the eye
17
Q
vitreous
A
pertaining to the vitreous humor
18
Q
ophthalmologist
A
medical doctor who has specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of eye conditions and diseases
19
Q
ophthalmology
A
branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the eye and surrounding structures
20
Q
optician
A
person trained in grinding and fitting corrective lenses
21
Q
optometrist
A
doctor of optometry
22
Q
optometry
A
medical profession of specializing in examining the eyes, testing visual acuity, and prescribing corrective lenses
23
Q
blepharoptosis
A
drooping eyelid
24
Q
cycloplegia
A
paralysis of the ciliary body. this affects changing the shape of the lens to bring images into focus
25
diplopia
condition of seeing double
26
emmetropia
state of normal vision
27
iridoplegia
paralysis of the iris. this affects changing the size of the pupil to regulate the amount of light entering the eye
28
nyctalopia
difficulty seeing in dim light; also called night blindness. usually due to damaged rods
29
ophthalmalgia
eye pain
30
ophthalmoplegia
paralysis of one or more the extraocular eye muscles
31
ophthalmorrhagia
bleeding from the eye
32
papilledema
swelling of the optic disk. often as a result of increased intraocular pressure. aka choked disk
33
photophobia
although the term translates into fear of light, it actually means a strong sensitivity to bright light
34
presbyopia
visual loss due to old age, resulting in difficulty in focusing for near vision
35
scleromalacia
softening of the sclera
36
xerophthalmia
dry eyes
37
achromatopsia
condition of color blindness- unable to perceive one or more color; more common in males
38
amblyopia
loss of vision not as a result of eye pathology. Usually occurs in patients who see two images. In order to see only one image, the brain will no longer recognize the image being sent to it by one of the eyes. May occur if strabismus is not corrected. This condition is not treatable with prescription lens. aka lazy eye
39
astigmatism
condition in which light rays are focused unevenly on the retina, causing a distorted image, due to an abnormal curvature of the cornea
40
cataract
damage to the lens causing it to become opaque or cloudy, resulting in diminished vision. treatment is usually surgical removal of the cataract or replacement of the lens
41
corneal abrasion
scraping injury to the cornea; if it does not heal, it may develop an ulcer
42
glaucoma
increase in intraocular pressure, which, if untreated, may result in atrophy of the optic nerve and blindness. Glaucoma is treated with medication and surgery. There is an increased risk of developing glaucoma in persons over age 60, of African ancestry, who have sustained a serious eye injury, and in anyone with a family history of diabetes or glaucoma.
43
hyperopia
with this condition a person can see things in distance but has trouble reading material at close range. aka far-sightedness. This condition is corrected with converging or biconvex lenses
44
iritis
inflammation of the iris
45
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
46
legally blind
describes a person who has severely impaired vision. Usually defined as having visual activity of 20/200 that cannot be improved with corrective lenses or having a visual field of less than 20 degrees
47
macular degeneration
Deterioration of the macular area of the retina of the eye. May be treated with laser surgery to destroy the blood vessels beneath the macula
48
monochromatism
unable to perceive one color
49
myopia
with this condition a person can see things close up but distance vision is blurred. aka nearsightedness. This condition is corrected with diverging or biconcave lenses. Named because persons with myopia often partially shut their eyes, squint, in order to see better
50
oculomycosis
fungus infection of the eye
51
retinal detachment
Occurs when the retina becomes separated from the choroid layer. This separation seriously damages blood vessels and nerves, resulting in blindness. May be treated with surgical or medical procedures to stabilize the retina and prevent separation
52
retinitis pigmentosa
Progressive disease of the eye resulting in the retina becoming hard (sclerosed), pigmented (colored), and atrophying. There is no known cure for this condition
53
retinoblastoma
malignant eye tumor occurring in children, usually under the age of 3. Requires enucleation
54
retinopathy
general term for disease affecting the retina
55
scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
56
uveitis
inflammation of the choroid layer
57
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva usually as the result of a bacterial infection. aka pinkeye
58
pterygium
hypertrophied conjunctival tissue in the inner corner of the eye
59
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid
60
hordeolum
refers to a style, a small purulent inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid treated with hot compresses and/or surgical incision
61
dacryoadenitis
inflammation of the lacrimal gland
62
dacryocystitis
inflammation of the lacrimal sac
63
esotropia
inward turning of the eye; aka cross-eyed; ex. of a form of strabismus
64
exotropia
outward turning of the eye; aka wall-eyed; ex. of strabismus
65
strabismus
eye muscle weakness commonly seen in children resulting in the eyes looking in different directions at the same time. May be corrected with glasses, eye exercises, and/or surgery
66
hemianopia
loss of vision in half of the visual field. a stroke patient may suffer from this disorder
67
nystagmus
jerky-appearing involuntary eye movements, usually left and right. often an indication of brain injury
