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Chemistry A level > 3.5 Alcohols > Flashcards

3.5 Alcohols Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the functional group of an alcohol

A

OH (hydroxyl)

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2
Q

What IMFS do alcohols have

A

Hydrogen bonding
Van der waals

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3
Q

What is an elimination reaction

A

The removal of a smaller molecule from a larger one

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4
Q

What conditions are needed for the elimination reaction from alcohols to alkenes

A

Excess hot conc sulphuric acid

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5
Q

Draw a mechanism for the dehydration of ethanol

A

google

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6
Q

What forms if you partially oxidise a primary alcohol

A

An aldehyde

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7
Q

What conditions are needed to partially oxidise a primary alcohol

A

Dilute sulphuric acid
Potassium dichromate (VI)

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8
Q

What forms if you fully oxidise a primary alcohol

A

A carboxylic acid

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9
Q

What forms if you oxidise a secondary alcohol

A

Ketone

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10
Q

What is an aldehyde, whats its functional group

A

Molecule with C=O group at the end of a carbon chain

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11
Q

How do you name aldehydes

A

-al
eg ethanal

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12
Q

What is a ketone, whats its functional group

A

Molecule with C=O group in middle of carbon chain

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13
Q

How do you name ketones

A

-one
eg propanone

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14
Q

What is a carboxylic acid, whats its functional group

A

Molecule with COOH group at the end of a carbon chain
Carboxyl functional group, C=O and -OH

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15
Q

How do you name carboxylic acids

A

-oic acid
eg propanoic acid

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16
Q

What does the Tollen’s test give a positive result for

A

Aldehydes

17
Q

How do you carry out Tollen’s test

A

Add equal volumes of substance and Tollens in test tube, water bath 10 mins

18
Q

Result of Tollens test for aldehyde and ketone

A

Aldehyde - silver mirror
Ketone - no visible change

19
Q

What does Fehling’s solution give a positive result for

A

Aldehydes

20
Q

What conditions do you need to use the Fehlings solution

A

Heat

21
Q

What result do aldehydes and ketones give in the fehlings test

A

Aldehydes - brick red ppt
Ketone - no visible change

Chemistry A level (48 decks)

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