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RSFC chemistry > 3.5 Alcohols > Flashcards

3.5 Alcohols Flashcards

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1
Q

Secondary alcohol to ketone

A

Oxidation
Reactants : K2Cr2O7
Conditions : Reflux or distillation

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2
Q

Primary alcohol to aldehyde

A

Oxidation
Reactants : K2Cr2O7 , H2SO4
Conditions :Distillation

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3
Q

Primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

Oxidation
Reagents : K2Cr2O7, H2SO4
Conditions : Reflux, excess oxidising agent

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4
Q

Aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

Oxidation
Reagents : K2Cr2O7, H2SO4
Conditions : Reflux

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5
Q

Glucose to alcohol

A

Conditions: Yeast, no oxygen, 35C

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6
Q

OH group name

A

Hydroxy

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7
Q

Ethanol general formula

A

CnH2n+1OH

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8
Q

Aldehyde functional group
Ending

A

CHO
al

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9
Q

Ketone functional group
Ending

A

CO
one

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10
Q

Carboxylic acid functional group
Ending

A

COOH
oic acid

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11
Q

Ethanal

A

H
|
H-C-C=O
| |
H H

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12
Q

Observation for alcohol oxidation

A

Orange to green

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13
Q

CH3CH2OH oxidation equation (to aldehyde)

A

CH3CH2OH + [O] –> CH3CHO + H2O

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14
Q

CH3CHO oxidation equation

A

CH3CHO + [O] –> CH3COOH

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15
Q

CH3CH2OH oxidation equation (to carboxylic acid)

A

CH3CH2OH + 2[O] –> CH3COOH + H2O

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16
Q

CH3CH(O)CH3 oxidation equation

A

CH3CH(OH)CH3 + [O] –> CH3COCH3 + H2O

17
Q

Oxidation of tertiary alcohols

A

Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidised

18
Q

Features of condensers

A
  • Open at both ends
  • Cold water flows around outside
19
Q

Purpose of condenser

A

Cools hot vapour and condenses it to liquid

20
Q

Purpose of anti-bumping granules

A

Prevents the formation of large bubbles

21
Q

Why is reflux used to oxidise a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

Reflux doesn’t allow any reactant vapour to escape so it can be further oxidised

22
Q

Describe what happens when a reaction mixture is refluxed and why it is necessary to complete oxidation to a carboxylic acid

A
  • Ethanol and acidified potassium dichromate are heated to bp for a prolonged time
  • Ethanal vapour formed which escapes from liquid mixture and is condensed back to a liquid and returned back to reaction mixture
  • Any ethanal and ethanol that initially evaporated can be oxidised
23
Q

Why is there an open end in distillation

A

To prevent a build up of pressure and explosion

24
Q

Why is there a bung under the thermometer in distillation

A

It is a closed system to prevent gases escaping

RSFC chemistry (19 decks)

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