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RSFC chemistry > 3.1.12 Acids and Bases > Flashcards

3.1.12 Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid definition

A

A proton donor

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2
Q

Base defintion

A

A proton acceptor

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3
Q

Strong acid definition

A

An acid which fully dissociates

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4
Q

Weak acid definition

A

An acid which partially dissociates

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5
Q

pH definition

A

pH = - log 10[H+]

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6
Q

[H+] definition

A

[H+] = 10^-pH

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7
Q

Kw definition

A

Kw = [H+][OH-]

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8
Q

When calculating the pH of a string acid use:

A

pH = -log 10 [H+]

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9
Q

When calculating the pH of a strong base use:

A

Rearrange Kw = [H+][OH-] to get [OH-]
then use pH = -log 10 [H+]

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10
Q

When calculating the pH of a weak acid use:

A

Ka = [H+]^2 / [HA] and rearrange to get [H+]

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11
Q

When calculating the pH of a buffer use:

A

Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA] and rearrange to get [H+]

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12
Q

What are the products of an acid + metal?

A

Salt + Hydrogen

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13
Q

What are the products of an acid + metal oxide?

A

Salt + water

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14
Q

What are the products of an acid + metal hydroxide?

A

Salt + water

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15
Q

What are the products of an acid + metal carbonate?

A

Carbon dioxide + salt + water

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16
Q

What are the reactants if the products are a salt + hydrogen?

A

Acid + metal

17
Q

What are the reactants if the products are a salt + water?

A

Acid + metal oxide
Acid + metal hydroxide

18
Q

What are the reactants if the products are a salt + carbon dioxide + water?

A

Acid + metal carbonate

19
Q

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid and the ion it forms?

A

HCl
Cl-

20
Q

What is the formula for sulphuric acid and the ion it forms?

A

H2SO4
SO4 2-

21
Q

What is the formula for nitric acid and the ion it forms?

A

HNO3
NO3-

22
Q

What is the formula for phosphoric acid and the ion it forms?

A

H3PO4
PO4 3-

23
Q

What is the formula for ethanoic acid and the ion it forms?

A

CH3COOH
CH3COO-

24
Q

What are the two types of acids?

A

Monoprotic
Diprotic

25
Q

Monoprotic definition

A

An acid which released one H+ ion

26
Q

Diprotic definition

A

An acid which releases 2 H+ ions

27
Q

Write the equation for HCl into its ions

A

HCl –> H+ Cl-

28
Q

Write the equation for OH- + H+

A

OH- + H+ –> H2O

RSFC chemistry (19 decks)

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