3.1 Introduction to organic chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Alkanes

A

Each carbon has four single bonds

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2
Q

Alkenes

A

Carbon has single bonds and one double bond

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3
Q

Alkynes

A

Carbon has single bonds and one triple bond

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4
Q

Empirical formula

A

Simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

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5
Q

Molecular formula

A

Total number of atoms of each element in a compound

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6
Q

Alkane general formula

A

CnH2n+2

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7
Q

Alkene general formula

A

CnH2n

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8
Q

Cycloalkane

A

CnH2n

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9
Q

1 carbon atom

A

Meth

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10
Q

2 carbon atoms

A

Ethanol

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11
Q

3 carbon atoms

A

Prop

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12
Q

4 carbon atoms

A

But

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13
Q

5 carbon atoms

A

Pent

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14
Q

6 carbon atoms

A

Hex

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15
Q

7 carbon atoms

A

Heat

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16
Q

8 carbon atoms

A

Oct

17
Q

9 carbon atoms

A

Non

18
Q

10 carbon atoms

A

Dec

19
Q

Alkane

A

C-C

20
Q

Alkene

A

C=C

21
Q

Alcohol

A

OH

22
Q

2 side chains

A

di

23
Q

3 side chains

A

tri

24
Q

4 side chains

A

tetra

25
Q

5 side chains

A

penta

26
Q

6 side chains

A

hexa

27
Q

7 side chains

A

heat

28
Q

8 side chains

A

octa

29
Q

Homologous series

A

Same functional group
Similar properties
General trend in boiling points
Differ by number of CH2 units

30
Q

Structural isomerism

A

Same molecular formula but different structural formula

31
Q

Types of structural isomers

A

Chain isomerism
Positional isomerism
Functional group isomerism

32
Q

Types of stereoisomerism

A

Geometric isomerism (E/Z)
Optical isomerism

33
Q

Chain

A

Length of C chain

34
Q

Position

A

Position of functional group

35
Q

Functional group

A

Type of functional group

36
Q

Stereoisomerism

A

Same structural and molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms in space

37
Q

E/Z isomerism

A

Both carbons have to have a different functional group

38
Q

How does steriosomerism arise?

A

Each C in the C=C bond has to be bonded to 2 different functional groups
Restricted rotation around the C=C bond