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RSFC chemistry > 3.4 Alkenes > Flashcards

3.4 Alkenes Flashcards

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1
Q

C-C single bond

A

Sigma

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2
Q

C=C double bond

A

Sigma and Pi

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3
Q

Is C-C or C=C stronger?

A

C=C is stronger as it is composed of a sigma and pi bond

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4
Q

Is a sigma or a pi bond more reactive?

A

A pi bond as it requires less energy to break

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5
Q

Why is there non rotation around a C=C bond?

A

The pi bond is formed by overlap of the p orbital
If there was any rotation, the p orbitals wouldn’t overlap and the pi bond would break

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6
Q

Electrophile

A

Electron pair acceptor

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7
Q

Types of electrophiles

A

Hydrogen halides
Halogens
Sulphuric acid

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8
Q

Hydrogen halides

A

HCl
Her

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9
Q

Halogens

A

Cl2
Br2

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10
Q

Sulphuric acid

A

H2SO4

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11
Q

Electrophilic addition with hydrogen halides

A

Reagent : HCl, HBr
Conditions : none
Product : Haloalkane
Double bond to single bond
2 steps

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12
Q

Alkyl groups

A

Methyl
Ethyl
Propyl

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13
Q

Positive inductive effect

A

Ability to release electron density through a covalent bond

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14
Q

Primary carbocation

A

1 alkyl group
Least stable

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15
Q

Tertiary carbocation

A

3 alkyl groups
Most stable

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16
Q

Why are tertiary carbocations more stable than primary carbocations?

A

More positive inductive effect from 3 alkyl groups compared to 1 in a primary carbocation

17
Q

Major product

A

Higher quantity
Produced from a more stable carbocation

18
Q

Electrophilic addition with halogens

A

Reagent : Cl2, Br2
Conditions : none
Product : Haloalkane
Two steps

19
Q

Why do bromine molecules react with the double bonds in alkenes?

A

The C=C is electron rich, it induces a dipole in Br2, the delta + Br is attracted to the C=C

20
Q

Test for alkenes

A

Add bromine water
Orange to colourless

21
Q

Electrophilic addition with sulphuric acid

A

Reagent : H2SO4
Conditions : None
Product : Alkyl hydrogen sulphate

22
Q

What does H2SO4 act as in electrophilic addition?

A

A catalyst

23
Q

Alkyl hydrogen sulphate + H2O

A

Alcohol + H2SO4

24
Q

Addition polymer

A

Long chain of monomers

25
Q

Ethene monomer

A

Polythene polymer

RSFC chemistry (19 decks)

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