Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IGCSE Chemistry > 3.4 - Atmosphere + Acids > Flashcards

3.4 - Atmosphere + Acids Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

four most abundant gases in dry air by percentage

A

78%​ ​nitrogen
21%​ ​oxygen
​0.9%​ ​argon​
​0.037%​ ​carbon​ ​dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how to determine volume of oxygen in air using copper

A

●​air​ ​passed​ over​ ​copper​ ​being​ ​heated​ ​with​ ​a Bunsen​ ​burner
● All​ ​oxygen​ ​in​ ​air​ ​will​ ​react​ ​with​ ​copper
● As​ ​it​ ​is​ ​passed,​ ​the​ ​volume​ ​of​ ​air​ ​will​ ​decrease
● Continued​ ​until​ ​the​ ​volume​ ​stops​ ​decreasing,​ ​then​ ​record​ ​the​ ​volume​ ​of
remaining​ ​air
● There​ ​would​ ​be​ ​about​ ​79cm3​ ​​ ​left,​ ​showing​ ​that​ ​21cm3​ ​​ ​of​ ​the​ ​original​ ​100cm3​ ​​ ​of air​ ​was​ ​oxygen
● The​ ​reaction​ ​happening​ ​in​ ​this​ ​case​ ​(with​ ​copper)​ ​is:
​ ​copper​ ​+​ ​oxygen​ ​->​ ​copper​ ​(II)​ ​oxide​ ​//​ ​2Cu​ ​(s)​ ​+​ ​O​2​​ ​(g)​ ​->​ ​CuO​ ​(s)
- Would​ ​notice​ ​black​ ​copper​ ​oxide​ ​forming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

describe combustion of elements in oxygen

A

combustion is an example of oxidation
oxidation -> gains oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

combustion of elements in magnesium

A

2Mg + O2 –> 2MgO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

combustion of elements in hydrogen

A

2H2 + O2 –> 2H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

combustion of elements in sulfur

A

S + O2 –> SO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe formation of carbon dioxide from thermal decomposition of metal carbonates
-> copper (III) carbonate

A

metal carbonate —> metal oxide + carbon dioxide
e.g. copper (III) carbonate
CuCO3 –> CuO + CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

carbon dioxide is a

A

green house gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

greenhouse gas effect

A

o Electromagnetic​ ​radiation​ ​at​ ​most​ ​wavelengths​ ​from​ ​the​ ​sun​ ​passes through​ ​the​ ​Earth’s​ ​atmosphere
o The​ ​Earth​ ​absorbs​ ​some​ ​radiation​ ​and​ ​thus​ ​warms​ ​up​ ​(essential​ ​for​ ​life​ ​on Earth).​ ​But​ ​some​ ​heat​ ​is​ ​radiated​ ​from​ ​the​ ​Earth​ ​as​ ​infrared​ ​radiation.
o Some​ ​of​ ​this​ ​IR​ ​radiation​ ​is​ ​absorbed​ ​by​ ​greenhouse​ ​gases​ ​in​ ​the atmosphere
o Atmosphere​ ​warms​ ​up​ ​leading​ ​to​ ​the​ ​greenhouse​ ​effect​ ​and​ ​global warming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

phenolphthalein in alkaline

A

pink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

phenolphthalein in acid

A

colourless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

methyl orange in alkaline

A

yellow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

methyl orange in acid

A

red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

blue litmus paper in alkaline

A

stays blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

blue litmus paper in acid

A

red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

red litmus paper in alkaline

A

stays red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

red litmus paper in acid

A

blue

18
Q

pH 7

A

neutral

19
Q

< pH 7

A

acidic

20
Q

> pH 7

A

alkaline

21
Q

use of universal indicator to measure pH of aq solution

A
  • add solution to universal indicator paper and observe colour based on pH scale
22
Q

acids produce what ions

A

H+ in aqueous solutions

23
Q

alkalis produces what ions

A

OH- in aqueous solutions

24
Q

alkalis can neutralise acids with what equation

A
  • between an acid and base
    H+(aq) + OH-(aq) –> H2O(l)
25
Q

acids in terms of proton transfer

A

donates H+

26
Q

bases in terms of proton transfer

A

accepts H+

27
Q

acids are proton

A

donors

28
Q

bases are proton

A

acceptors

29
Q

acid + base –>

A

salt + water

30
Q

acid + metal –>

A

salt + hydrogen

31
Q

acid + metal carbonate –>

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

32
Q

how to form formula of the salt

A

take out the H

33
Q

alkalis are ____ that are ___ in water

A

bases that are soluble in water

34
Q

metal oxides, metal hydroxides and ammonia can act as

A

bases

35
Q

experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of soluble salt from an insoluble reactant
- use for copper(II) sulphate crystals starting with copper(II) oxide

A
  • add excess insoluble base to acid
  • filter to remove unreacted base
  • heat solution so water evaporates and crystals of salt remain
36
Q

experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt from an acid and alkali

A
  • use titration to find exact volume of alkali that reacts with acid
  • mix exact vol of acid and base
  • warm solution so water evaporates and crystals remain
37
Q

experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of a insoluble salt starting from two soluble reactants
- used for dry lead (II) sulphate

A
  • mix solutions of 2 soluble reactions
  • filter mixture so insoluble salt remains
  • wash with distilled water
  • leave to dry
38
Q

salts that are soluble

A

sodium
potassium
ammonium
nitrates

39
Q

chlorides are all soluble except

A

silver
lead

40
Q

sulphates are all soluble except

A

lead
barium
calcium

IGCSE Chemistry (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions