3.2 - Atomic Structure

Question 1

atom

Answer 1

smallest particle of an element that contains electrons surrounding a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons

Question 2

molecule

Answer 2

a group of two or more atoms chemically combined which retains the properties and composition of the substance

Question 3

proton relative mass and charge

Answer 3

Relative Mass Charge
1 +1

Question 4

neutron relative mass and charge

Answer 4

Relative Mass Charge
1 0 (neutral)

Question 5

electron relative mass and charge

Answer 5

Relative Mass Charge
1/1840 -1

Question 6

atomic number

Answer 6

number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 7

mass number

Answer 7

number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 8

isotope

Answer 8

atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 9

calculating relative atomic mass

Answer 9

(% isotope A x mass isotope A) + (% isotope B x mass isotope B)
_____________________________________

100

Question 10

row on periodic table shows

Answer 10

period
- these are the horizontal rows that show the number of shells of electrons

Question 11

column on periodic table shows

Answer 11

group
- these are the vertical columns that show how many outer electrons each atom

Question 12

the further away the electron from the nucleus

Answer 12

the more energy a shell has

Question 13

shell configuration

Answer 13

2,8,8

Question 14

number of shells in shell configuration shows

Answer 14

period of the element

Question 15

last shell number in shell configuration shows

Answer 15

group of the element

Question 16

metals and non-metals on periodic table

Answer 16

• metals are on the left
• non-metals on the right

Question 17

where are noble gases on periodic table

Answer 17

right column, group 0

Question 18

why are noble gases unreactive

Answer 18

• group 0
• most elements participate in reactions to complete their outer shells by losing, gaining, or sharing electrons
• group 0 elements do not do this because they have full outer shells of electrons
• they are therefore unreactive (inert) and do not form molecules easily