8.1 classes of joints Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 3 main classes of joints

A

fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

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2
Q

what is the main way of classifying joints

A

using a structural (anatomical) to classify based on major CT type and if there is a joint capsule

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3
Q

what is another way of classifying joints and what are the classifications?

A

could use functional classification based on degree of movement:
synarthosis (non-movable)
amphiarthroses (slightly moveable)
diathroses (fully moveable)

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4
Q

describe a fibrous joint

A

no joint capsule

little mvmt

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5
Q

what type of joints are sutural joint?

A

seams btwn bones (as in the interdigitated sutures of the skull)

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6
Q

what is the composition of a suture?

A

periosteium continuous with bone plus dense, regular collagenous connective tissue
this makes up the sutural ligament

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7
Q

define synostosis

A

two bones grow together across a joint to form a single bone

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8
Q

give an example of synostosis

A

frontal bone has a frontal suture in a neonate, but becomes one bone shortly thereafter

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9
Q

what are the 3 types of fibrous joints?

A

suture
syndesmoses
gomphoses

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10
Q

define syndesmosis

A

a type of fibrous joint in which the bones are further apart than in a suture
limited amount of mvt

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11
Q

what joins the bones in a syndesmosis?

A

ligament

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12
Q

what is an example of a syndesmosis?

A

radioulnar and tibiofibular syndesmosis

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13
Q

define gomphoses

A

a type of fibrous joint in which pegs fit into sockets

little to no movement

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14
Q

what holds the pegs in the sockets of a gomphoses

A

bundles of regular collagenous CT

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15
Q

what is an example of gomphoses?

A

root of tooth with the alveolar socket of madible and maxilla (periodontal ligament)

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16
Q

define cartilagenous joints

A

joints joined by hyaline OR fibrocartilage

17
Q

what are the 2 types of cartilagenous joints?

A

synchondroses

symphases

18
Q

what is the difference btwn synchondroses and symphases?

A

synchondrosis, joined by hyaline cartilage

sympahsis joined by fibrocartilage

19
Q

define synchondroses

A

a type of cartilagenous joint joined by hyaline cartilage with little or no mvmt

20
Q

what is an example of a synchondrosis?

A

epiphyseal plates

sternocostal joint

21
Q

define symphasis

A

a type of cartilagenous joint jointed by fibrocartilage

with slight movement

22
Q

give an example of symphasis

A

sympasis pubis, mental syphasis, intervertebral discs, sternal angle (manubrium to sternum)

23
Q

Define synovial joint?

A

they have a joint capsule with fluid that gives increased mobility

24
Q

what are the parts of a synovial joint?

A
articular cartilage (on bone ends)
articular disc (sometimes)
meniscus (fibrocartilage pad)
joint cavity
     fibrous outer capsule
     inner synovial membrane
bursa (fluid filled extension of the synovial membrane, sometimes)
25
Q

draw a synovial joint

A

do it

26
Q

what does the articular cartilage do in a synovial joint?

A

provides a smooth surface where the bones meet

27
Q

define articular disc in a synovial joint?

A

btwn articular cartilages
fibrocartilage pad
circumference attached to the fibrous joint capsule

28
Q

define meniscus

A

fibrocartilage pad
found in knee and wrist
like an articular disc, but with hole in center
circumference attached to the fibrous joint capsule

29
Q

define joint cavity of synovial joint

A

fibrous outer capsule
inner synovial membrane
filled with synovial fluid

30
Q

define bursa

A

fluid filled pocket or sac extension of the synovial membrane
proved a cushion between structures

31
Q

define tendon sheath

A

a bursa that extends quite a bit away from the joint along a tendon