8.1 classes of joints Flashcards
what are the 3 main classes of joints
fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial
what is the main way of classifying joints
using a structural (anatomical) to classify based on major CT type and if there is a joint capsule
what is another way of classifying joints and what are the classifications?
could use functional classification based on degree of movement:
synarthosis (non-movable)
amphiarthroses (slightly moveable)
diathroses (fully moveable)
describe a fibrous joint
no joint capsule
little mvmt
what type of joints are sutural joint?
seams btwn bones (as in the interdigitated sutures of the skull)
what is the composition of a suture?
periosteium continuous with bone plus dense, regular collagenous connective tissue
this makes up the sutural ligament
define synostosis
two bones grow together across a joint to form a single bone
give an example of synostosis
frontal bone has a frontal suture in a neonate, but becomes one bone shortly thereafter
what are the 3 types of fibrous joints?
suture
syndesmoses
gomphoses
define syndesmosis
a type of fibrous joint in which the bones are further apart than in a suture
limited amount of mvt
what joins the bones in a syndesmosis?
ligament
what is an example of a syndesmosis?
radioulnar and tibiofibular syndesmosis
define gomphoses
a type of fibrous joint in which pegs fit into sockets
little to no movement
what holds the pegs in the sockets of a gomphoses
bundles of regular collagenous CT
what is an example of gomphoses?
root of tooth with the alveolar socket of madible and maxilla (periodontal ligament)
define cartilagenous joints
joints joined by hyaline OR fibrocartilage
what are the 2 types of cartilagenous joints?
synchondroses
symphases
what is the difference btwn synchondroses and symphases?
synchondrosis, joined by hyaline cartilage
sympahsis joined by fibrocartilage
define synchondroses
a type of cartilagenous joint joined by hyaline cartilage with little or no mvmt
what is an example of a synchondrosis?
epiphyseal plates
sternocostal joint
define symphasis
a type of cartilagenous joint jointed by fibrocartilage
with slight movement
give an example of symphasis
sympasis pubis, mental syphasis, intervertebral discs, sternal angle (manubrium to sternum)
Define synovial joint?
they have a joint capsule with fluid that gives increased mobility
what are the parts of a synovial joint?
articular cartilage (on bone ends)
articular disc (sometimes)
meniscus (fibrocartilage pad)
joint cavity
fibrous outer capsule
inner synovial membrane
bursa (fluid filled extension of the synovial membrane, sometimes)draw a synovial joint
do it
what does the articular cartilage do in a synovial joint?
provides a smooth surface where the bones meet
define articular disc in a synovial joint?
btwn articular cartilages
fibrocartilage pad
circumference attached to the fibrous joint capsule
define meniscus
fibrocartilage pad
found in knee and wrist
like an articular disc, but with hole in center
circumference attached to the fibrous joint capsule
define joint cavity of synovial joint
fibrous outer capsule
inner synovial membrane
filled with synovial fluid
define bursa
fluid filled pocket or sac extension of the synovial membrane
proved a cushion between structures
define tendon sheath
a bursa that extends quite a bit away from the joint along a tendon
