3.3.2 Anatomy Review

Question 1

What is the name for the nerves that innervate the skin and muscle?

Answer 1

Skin - dermatome

Muscle - myotome

Question 2

What is a rhizotomy?

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the C5 dermatome located?

Answer 3

Clavicle

Question 4

Where is the T4 dermatome located?

Answer 4

The nipple

Question 5

Where is the xiphoid process dermatome located?

Answer 5

T7

Question 6

Where is the umbilicus dermatome located?

Answer 6

T10

Question 7

What is the location of the inguinal ligament?

Answer 7

L1

Question 8

The subclavian artery and vein are separated by?

Answer 8

Anterior scalene muscle attaching to the scalene tubercle

Question 9

Where is the xiphoid process and what can cause it to become painful?

Answer 9

Question 10

Where does the 2nd rib attach to the sternum?

Answer 10

Sternal angle

Question 11

What are some key processes that occur at the sternal angle?

Answer 11

Question 12

What is premature sternal fusion associated with?

Answer 12

Increased incidents of heart defects

Question 13

What is a sternal fistula?

Answer 13

Holes in the sternum

Question 14

Which intercostal muscles are used for expiration and inhalation?

Answer 14

External - inspiration

Internal - expiration

Question 15

Describe the patterning of the intercostal muscles?

Answer 15

Noting where the are musclar and where there are membranous

Question 16

What is the relationship of the intercostal vein, arteries, and nerves?

Answer 16

Question 17

What is coarctation of the aorta?

Answer 17

Question 18

What is polythelia, polymastia, and where is the “milk line”?

Answer 18

Question 19

What is the renal anomaly associated with polythelia?

Answer 19

Duplication of ureters

Question 20

In regards to the diaphragm, what intercostal spaces do the right and left domes reach? Why?

Answer 20

Question 21

The diaphragm is mainly derived from? What is it innervated by?

Answer 21

Septum transverum

Pleuroperitoneal fold

C 3,4,5

Question 22

What is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Answer 22

Question 23

The inferior vena cava passes through the diaphragm at what intercostal space?

Answer 23

T8

Question 24

What passes through the diaphragm at T10?

Answer 24

Esophageal hiatus and the vagal trunks

Question 25

What passes through the diaphragm at T12?

Answer 25

The aortic hiatus Allow thoracic duct and azygos vein to enter

Question 26

On this image where is the cephalic vein, lateral and medial pectoral nerves?

Answer 26

Question 27

Where is the costodiaphragmatic recess, and what is its importance?

Answer 27

Question 28

What is the most likely cause of a hemothorax?

Answer 28

Question 29

What are the major grooves and hilum structure of the right lung?

Answer 29

Question 30

What are the major grooves and hilar structure of the left lung?

Answer 30

Question 31

Where are inhaled foreign bodies most likely to end up?

Answer 31

Right lower lung

Question 32

What muscles are used during heavy inspiration?

Answer 32

Question 33

What muscles are used during heavy expiration?

Answer 33

Question 34

What are the importances of the sinuses located in the pericardium?

Answer 34

Question 35

What is cardiac tamponade, and what are the symptoms?

Answer 35

Question 36

What is the location on the external surface of the different heart sounds?

Answer 36

Question 37

What are the highlighted structures?

Answer 37

Question 38

The fossa ovalis is formed from what?

Answer 38

The septum primum

Question 39

The edges of the fossa ovalis is formed from?

Answer 39

Septum secundum

Question 40

What are the key characteristics of LVH?

Answer 40

Question 41

Explain the positioning of the aortic and pulmonic valves, and the names of the individual leaftlets of the valves.

Answer 41

Question 42

What is the ramus intermedius artery?

Answer 42

This is when the left coronary artery trifurcates

Question 43

What is the highlighted area?

Answer 43

SA branch

Question 44

What are the main arteries used in CABG?

Answer 44

Question 45

What are the main locations for an MI to occur?

Answer 45

Question 46

What are the highlighted veins?

Answer 46

Question 47

What is the main way blood is returned from the heart?

Answer 47

Question 48

Where would you place a pacemaker if attempting to take of SA node function? AV function?

Answer 48

Question 49

Defects in what lead to an ASD?

Answer 49

Endocardial cushions

Question 50

What are the highlighted areas?

Answer 50

Valve of the foramen ovale - left Right - Septum secundum

Question 51

What is the importance of a PDA?

Answer 51

A person with a PDA is at increased risk of developing a paradoxical emboli

Question 52

What is aortic valve stenosis?

Answer 52

Question 53

What is derived from the 3rd aortic arch?

Answer 53

The carotid system

Question 54

What is derived from the left 4th aortic arch?

Answer 54

The arch of the aorta

Question 55

What is derived from the 4th right aortic arch?

Answer 55

Subclavian artery

Question 56

What is derived from the 6th aortic arch?

Answer 56

Pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus

Question 57

What left laryngeal nerve runs behind what?

Answer 57

The ligamentum arteriosum

Question 58

What is the second most common aortic arch patterning?

Answer 58

Question 59

What are the highlighted structures?

Answer 59

Question 60

What is the highlighted structure?

Answer 60

Greater splanchnic nerve

Question 61

The greater splanchnic nerve runs from what to what?

Answer 61

T5-T9

Question 62

What are the highlighted structures?

Answer 62

Question 63

What is the highlighted image?

Answer 63

Thoracic duct

Question 64

What is important about the position of the posterior longitudinal ligament? What is the position of the anterior longitudinal ligament?

Answer 64

Question 65

Where is the ligamentum flavum?

Answer 65

Question 66

What is spondolysis?

Answer 66

Question 67

What is spondylolisthesis?

Answer 67

Question 68

What are the highlighted areas?

Answer 68

Question 69

What are the different types of spinal cord defects?

Answer 69