3.2A&B Hitler And The Munich Putsch Flashcards
what was the Nazi’s plan for the Munich Putsch?
- seize control of Munich (large city in southern Germany)
- march to Berlin to take over the whole country
What did Hitler do in his early years?
- born in Austria-Hungary
- tried to train as an artist but failed to get a place at Vienna Art Academy
- joined army in WW1
- awarded Germany’s highest bravery award
- was injured in 1918, returned to Munich after he recovered
When was Hitler born?
1889
How did Hitler join the Nazi party?
- discovered German Worker’s party in 1919, when he was sent out by the army to investigate new political groups
- members met in beer halls and Hitler attended regularly because he liked what was being said
- Hitler joined the party
What things that the German Worker’s Party said appealed to Hitler?
- speeches abt how T of V made Germany weak and defenceless
- how the country would become a powerful nation once more
- this appealed to Hitler, a wounded and defeated ex-soldier who hated politicians that surrendered
How did Hitler become leader of the German Worker’s Party?
- he put up advertisements
- held meetings all over Munich: he was a brilliant speaker
- persuaded the party to buy The Munich Observer to put forward their views
What key changes did Hitler make to the Nazi party?
- he designed new flag and symbol: the swastika
- set up the party’s private army: the Stormtroopers
- changed the party name to NSDAP (known as Nazi party for short)
What does NSDAP stand for?
National Socialist German Workers Party,
What were the Stormtroopers and what did they do?
- group of violent ex-soldiers
- they would beat up anyone who criticised Hitler or the party
- they guarded Hitler’s meetings
- disrupted the meetings of other political parties
Did Hitler’s influence grow the Nazi party?
- yes
- the party grew from 3000 members in 1920 to 5000 members in 1921
When did the Munich Putsch take place?
8 November 1923
Which German region is Munich the largest city of
Bavaria
What happened in the Munich Putsch?
- Hitler interrupted a meeting at a beer hall where the head of the Bavarian government was speaking
- Hitler fired a bullet into the ceiling and announced that he was taking over Bavaria and that he would march into Berlin and take over the whole country
- He locked the head of Bavarian government and his companions in a small room
- General Ludendorff walked in and said he supported Hitler
- Hitler’s Stormtroopers took control of government buildings and arrested officials
Who was the head of the Bavarian government at the time
Gustav von Kahr
Who was General Ludendorff
a war hero who knew about the plan
What happened the morning after the Munich Putsch?
- Kahr promised to help Hitler if he was released
- he went back on his word and contacted the police
- when Hitler and around 2000 supporters marched around Munich’s streets, they were confronted with armed police
- after a short gun battle, 3 policemen and 16 Nazis were dead
- Hitler’s shoulder was dislocated, he and Ludendorff were arrested and taken to prison
- Hitler went on trial for treason
How long did Hitler’s trial last?
24 days
How did Hitler use the trial to his advantage
- the trial gave him lots of media attention
- he used the opportunity to criticise the government and put across his political views
- this impressed the judges
- Ludendorff was set free and Hitler was sent to prison for just 5 years
Was Hitler’s 5 year sentence a lot?
- no, you could have been executed for such a serious crime
- he was actually released after serving just 9 months
when was Hitler released?
December 1924
What did Hitler do once he was in prison?
- he sorted out his ideas and saw as many visitors as he wanted
- he wrote his autobiography called Mein Kampf (my struggle)
What was Mein Kampf about?
- described his life story and his racial and political views
- became a bestseller
What did the Putsch teach Hitler?
that they would have to win power democratically
