3.2.1 and 3.2.2

Question 1

prokaryotes

Answer 1

single-celled organisms without specialised compartments inside the cell

*includes domains of life eubacteria and archaea

Question 2

genome

Answer 2

entire sum of an organism’s genetic information

*for prokaryotes=a single chromosome will contain entire genome

Question 3

plasmids

Answer 3

smaller loops of DNA in prokaryotes

Question 4

what are the 2 types of DNA in prokaryotes?

Answer 4

type 1= single chromosome

type 2= plasmids

Question 5

eukaryote chromosomes

Answer 5

linear DNA molecules associated with histone proteins

Question 6

homologous pair

Answer 6

2 versions of the same chromosome

Question 7

homologous chromosomes

Answer 7

carries same sequence of genes but not necessarily the same alleles of those genes

Question 8

alleles

Answer 8

diff versions of same gene

Question 9

sex chromosomes

Answer 9

determines sex of the organism, referred to as ‘X’ and ‘Y’

Question 10

female

Answer 10

2 ‘X’ chromosomes

Question 11

male

Answer 11

X and a Y chromosome

Question 12

sister chromatids

Answer 12

the 2 lines that form the ‘X’

*they r identical

Question 13

centromere

Answer 13

the place where the 2 strands connect

it holds the sister chromatids of a chromosome together till they separated in anaphase