3.2 Waste Management

Question 1

Varies (program, technology, and method) per area, country, region
- consider prevailing diseases
Technology: vector/recombinant (IBD, ND, ILT an AI) and immune complex vaccine (IBD)
For day old (hatchery) vaccinations: SC or Spray (ND/IB)
- consider local immunity vs circulating maternal antibodies

Answer 1

Vaccination

Question 2

Forms of Waste

NSA

Answer 2

Noise
Smell
- Manure (used litter)
- Dropping (feces)
- Slurry (feces + liquid)
Alteration of environment
- contamination of soil
- contamination of water

Question 3

Management of Manure

ODIM
CGLB

Answer 3

Odor Control
Dehydration and Pasteurization
Incineration
Methanization
Composting
Granulation
Liming
Biological treatment

Question 4

Management of Manure

_ _ - goal is to minimize (very challenging)
- building ventilation
- separation of manure (swine and cattle farming)
- oxygenation - for slurry only (aeration and air blows)
- additives - essential oils

Answer 4

Odor Control

Question 5

Management of Manure

_ and _
- some are integrated in poultry systems
- expensive and produces odor

Answer 5

Dehydration and Pasteurization

Question 6

Management of Manure

_ - dropping and dead birds
- expensive in an industrial scale

Answer 6

Incineration

Question 7

Management of Manure

_ - requires slurry for anaerobic digestion
- low methanogenicity

Answer 7

Methanization

Question 8

Management of Manure

_ - dryer organic matter that is stable and smaller
- Mesophilic phase - bacterial decomposition
- Thermophilic phase - decomposition of complex organic matter
- Cooling phase - humus production
- Maturation phase - production of stable product

Answer 8

Composting

Question 9

Management of Manure

_ - grinding and dehydration to produce stable and sanitized products

Answer 9

Granulation

Question 10

Management of Manure

_ - uses Calcium Oxide (exothermic process)
- destroys pathogens and fires

Answer 10

Liming

Question 11

Management of Manure

_ _ - biological inoculation (B. subtilis, B sphaericus, B thurigiensis)
- competitive exclusion lowering pathogens in litter

Answer 11

Biological treatment

Question 12

Some Uses of Poultry Wastes

• _ and _
  
  • Manure Spreading
  • Drip Hose Spreading
• _ _
  
  • dropping and manure good source of N, P, and K
  • natural method of recycling wastes

SB
AU

Answer 12

• Spreading and Burying
• Agricultural Use

Question 13

Some Waste Products

CFBB

Answer 13

• Compost material/fertilizer
• Feather meal
• Biodiesel (methane)
• Biochar

Question 14

Conclusion

Answer 14

• Sources of waste management in poultry farming has various form that would require specific management depending on scale of operation and resources (money, tech, space)
• Identifying waste management needs and capacity will help produce produce that can have additional value (value added products)