3.1Ocular Anatomy

Question 1

Name 3 main purposes of cornea

Answer 1

1. Refract light (bend light) to hit retina 2. protect eye from outside microbes 3. Protect retina from UV

Question 2

What does refraction mean

Answer 2

Bend light

Question 3

Main purpose of pupil and iris

Answer 3

Determine how much light comes into eye. Dilate lots light in vs constrict less light in

Question 4

Crystalline lens 3 main purposes

Answer 4

1. Final 1/3 refraction to retina 2. Protect retina from UV 3. Bend and contract for far focus or near accommodation

Question 5

Vitreous purpose

Answer 5

Maintain shape of eye

Question 6

Retina purpose

Answer 6

Thin wallpaper on back of eye to make images into electric-like impulses

Question 7

Optic nerve purpose

Answer 7

Collection of nerves (think like a rope) that sends the impulses made from the retina to the brain

Question 8

Define orbit

Answer 8

Bones around globe

Question 9

Define sclera

Answer 9

White portion

Question 10

Lacrimal gland vs lacrimal sac

Answer 10

1 Lac gland is up top/ above and temporal= gland MAKES TEARS. 2. Lac sac is below at nose/ puncta drains into/ SAC COLLECT TEAR RUN OFF

Question 11

Name 3 layers to tears

Answer 11

Inside toward cornea is mucous layer (to attach to cornea)— middle layer is water layer — outside layer towards environment is lipid or fat layer to seal tears on eyes (prevent evaporation)

Question 12

Define conjunctiva

Answer 12

Clear layer over sclera (and over inside of lids too)

Question 13

What splits the eye into two chambers (anterior and posterior)

Answer 13

Iris (and somewhat the crystalline lens)

Question 14

2 functions of cilliary body

Answer 14

1. Make aqueous 2. Tug on crystallline lens for accomodation or distance focus

Question 15

Purpose of trabecular meshwork at angle

Answer 15

Drain the aqueous to maintain IOP

Question 16

Is Vitreous or Aqeous drained at the angle

Answer 16

Aqueous is made for the anterior chamber. Aqueous is drained as the angle is the anterior chamber.

Question 17

Name 3 things that make up UVEA

Answer 17

Iris, cilliary body, retina

Question 18

UVEA Mnemonic

Answer 18

GRAPE Grand Circle, Retina, Angle cilliary body, Pupil/ Iris, Even blood flow

Question 19

Mnemonic for the cranial nerves and muscles they innervate

Answer 19

LR6SO4 (all others 3)

Question 20

Name CN3

Answer 20

Oculomotor Nerve (think it makes a motor to move lots of muscles)

Question 21

CN4 makes what muscle move

Answer 21

SO superior oblique

Question 22

Does CN5 move a muscle?

Answer 22

No! its not in the mnemonic LR6SO4 (all others3), SO DOESNT MOVE ANY MUSCLES

Question 23

If CN5 doesn’t move any ocular muscles, what is the importance of CN5 to the eye?

Answer 23

It carries signals to eye, nose, and mouth (THINK VIRUS ON EYE NOSE OR MOUTH (COLD SORE)

Question 24

CN6 moves what muscle

Answer 24

LR lateral Rectus

Question 25

Cn7 purpose

Answer 25

7 is HOOK, HOOK AND PULL DOWN EYELID

Question 26

Pt presents with Bells Palsy where they CANNOT BLINK. WHAT CN is blown then?

Answer 26

CN7 palsy is another name for Bells Palsy (think hook is not working so they cannot blink)

Question 27

Photoreceptors: rod vs cones

Answer 27

Rods and cones make up the retina. rods= raw image black and white. Cones= color

Question 28

Rods

Answer 28

Raw vision. Black and white (outside macula)

Question 29

Cones

Answer 29

Color vision. Center vision/ macula