3.1.3.1 Ionic bonding

Question 1

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 1

Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a lattice.
(usually between metals and non-metals)

Question 2

What is the charge and name of the NH4 ion?

Answer 2

+1
Ammonium

Question 3

What is the charge and name of the NO3 ion?

Answer 3

-1
Nitrate

Question 4

What is the charge and name of the OH ion?

Answer 4

-1
Hydroxide

Question 5

What is the charge and name of the SO4 ion?

Answer 5

-2
Sulfate

Question 6

What is the charge and name of the CO3 ion?

Answer 6

-2
Carbonate

Question 7

What is the charge and name of the PO4 ion?

Answer 7

-3
Phosphate

Question 8

What do we mean by a lattice structure?

Answer 8

A regular and repeating structure made from ions.
Giant implies made up of lots of repeated same basic units

Question 9

How to draw the ionic lattice structure?

Answer 9

Minimum 4 ions shown in 2D square arrangement. Each ion forms bond only with those of opposite charge.

Question 10

What are the properties of ionic compounds?

Answer 10

Hard
High m.p./b.p.
Soluble in water
Conduct electricity when molten

Question 11

Why do ionic compounds have high melting/boiling points?

Answer 11

Strong attraction between oppositely charged ions which takes lots of energy to break

Question 12

Why are ionic compounds soluble in water?

Answer 12

Polar molecules have a partial negative charge on one end and a partial positive charge on the other end. The charges of polar molecules pull the ions away from the lattice and makes them dissolve.
Ionic compounds are insoluble in non-polar solvents

Question 13

How do ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten?

Answer 13

Ions are free to move