3.1.3 Lipids Flashcards
What are the two groups of lipids?
Triglyceride and phospholipids
How is triglyceride formed?
From a condensation reaction between a glycerol and 3 fatty acids
What is the bond between glycerol and fatty acids called?
Ester bond
Why can only three fatty acids bond to glycerol?
There’s only three OH groups in glycerol available for condensation reaction
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
Saturated - carbon-carbon single bond
Unsaturated - carbon-carbon double bond
Why are fats solid at room temperature?
Fats tend to have more saturated fatty acids
Its more structural and compacted - solid
Why is oil liquid at room temperature?
Oil tends to have more unsaturated fatty acids
It’s less compacted, molecules are further apart - easier to melt
(carbon-carbon double bond causes fatty acid to bend)
What makes triglycerides hydrophobic?
Fatty acids
Why is phospholipid a polar molecule?
It has a hydrophilic region (inorganic phosphate) and hydrophobic region (fatty acids)
How many fatty acids could be bonded to glycerol in phospholipids and why?
2 fatty acids as the 3rd fatty acid is substituted with an inorganic phosphate
What is a phospholipid bilayer?
Two layers of phospholipids with their hydrophobic region (fatty acids) facing toward each other and their hydrophilic region (inorganic phosphate) facing outwards
When is a phospholipid bilayer formed?
When both sides of layer are made up of water
