3.1.1.3 Weather Hazards Flashcards

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1
Q

what is global atmospheric circulation

A

movement of air across the planet which occurs in a specific pattern

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2
Q

high-pressure system way to remember

A

happy weather

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3
Q

low-pressure system way to remember

A

lashing down

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4
Q

high-pressure features

A

cool air descends
reduces cloud formation
light wind and settled weather
air moves clockwise

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5
Q

low-pressure features

A

hot air rises
the air evaporates and condenses to form cumulonimbus clouds
rain
air moves anti-clockwise

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6
Q

ferrel cell

A

30-60

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7
Q

hadley cell

A

0-30

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8
Q

polar cell

A

60-90

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9
Q

which directions do trade winds move

A

towards areas of low pressure/away from areas of high pressure

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10
Q

how are low-pressure areas caused

A

air is rising from the ground so the weather is unsettled

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11
Q

how are high-pressure areas caused

A

air is descending so the weather will be settled

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12
Q

three names for tropical storms

A

cyclones, typhoons and hurricanes

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13
Q

countries affected by a cyclone

A

india, madagascar, australie

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14
Q

countries affected by a typhoon

A

japan, south-east asia, phillippines

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15
Q

countries affected by a hurricane

A

carribean, usa

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16
Q

where do hurricanes get their energy from

A

warm seas

17
Q

what temperature do seas need to be for hurricanes to develop

A

27+

18
Q

what degrees north of the equator do hurricanes form

A

8+20

19
Q

three areas of the tropical storm

A

eye, eye wall, banks of clouds

20
Q

eye conditions

A

small area in the middle of the storm
cool air sinks and warms up
no clouds
calm conditions

21
Q

eyewall conditions

A

tall bank of clouds

strong wind, heavy rain, thunder and lightning

22
Q

bank of cloud conditions

A

either side of the storm
banks of clouds with thunderstorms
strong gusty winds and heavy rain

23
Q

how do tropical storms form

A

strong upward movement of air draws water vapour up from the ocean
air condenses and releases heat which draws up more water
storm develops an eye where air descends rapidly
evaporated air cools as it rises to form thunderstorm clouds
several thunderstorms join together
when winds are 75mph+ it is a tropical storm
carried across the sea by prevailing winds

24
Q

monitoring +prediction advantages and disadvantages

A

warning to evacuate
technology is better so predictions are more accurate
not always accurate
future track is uncertain

25
Q

ways to monitor and predict

A

hurricane watch

hurricane warning

26
Q

protection advantages and disadvantages

A

reduces flood effects
people feel safer
expensive
have to travel far to a cyclone centre

27
Q

ways to protect

A

storm drains
sea walls to protect storm surges
cyclone shelter
houses on stilts

28
Q

planning advantages and disadvantages

A

people know how to respond
responsibility is your own
some people may not leave
storm path may change

29
Q

ways to plan

A

bangladesh have early warning systems
rural areas can be reached by bike messenger
hurricane preparedness week

30
Q

weather definition

A

atmospheric conditions over a short period of time

31
Q

climate definition

A

average weather conditions over a long period of time

32
Q

examples of weather hazards

A

strong winds, thunderstorm, drought, heavy snow, prolonged rainfall

33
Q

prolonged rainfall

A

rainfall over a long period of time can lead to floods, common when snow melts

34
Q

thunderstorms

A

electrical storms with lightening strikes and/or torrential rainfall

35
Q

strong winds

A

can occur due to the remains of hurricanes in the Caribbean travelling over the Atlantic due to prevailing winds

36
Q

heavy snow

A

freezing temperatures lead to snow and ice cover, lowers visibility and makes roads dangerous