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Sports Studies > 3.1/3.2 - Biomechanical principles > Flashcards

3.1/3.2 - Biomechanical principles Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What is Newtons first law?

A

Law of inertia

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2
Q

What is the law of inertia?

A

A body continues in a state of rest or uniform velocity unless acted upon by a external or unbalanced force

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3
Q

What is inertia?

A

The resistance of a body to change its state of motion

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4
Q

What is inertia?

A

The resistance of a body to change its state of motion

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5
Q

What is newtons second law?

A

Law of acceleration

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6
Q

What is the law of acceleration?

A

A body’s rate of change in momentum is proportional to the size of the force applied and acts in the same way.

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7
Q

What is momentum? (kgm/s)

A

Mass x Velocity

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8
Q

What is newtons third law?

A

Law of reaction

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9
Q

What is the law of reaction?

A

every action force applied to a body there is an equal and opposite reaction force.

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10
Q

What is acceleration? (m/s/s)

A

(final velocity - initial velocity) / time

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11
Q

What is velocity? (m/s)

A

displacement / time taken

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12
Q

What is force?

A

Mass x acceleration

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13
Q

What is an internal force?

A

a force generated by the contraction of skeletal muscles

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14
Q

What is an external force?

A

a force that comes from outside the body and acts upon it e.g. air resistance

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15
Q

What is net force?

A

The sum of all of the forces acting on a body. If net force = 0 then the body is in balance

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16
Q

What is a free body diagram?

A

A labelled sketch showing all of the forces acting on a body at a particular time

17
Q

What are the 4 forces that are always labelled on a free body diagram?

A

Weight, Reaction, Friction, Air resistance.

18
Q

What is the centre of mass?

A

The point at which a body is balanced in all directions

19
Q

What is stability?

A

The ability of a body to resist motion and remain at rest

20
Q

What factors affect stability?

A

Mass of the body, height of the centre of mass, base of support, line of gravity

21
Q

What are the components of a lever?

A

Fulcrum, Effort, Load

22
Q

What is the structure of a 1st class lever?

A

effort and load are either side of the fulcrum which is in the middle e.g. extension of neck when preparing for a header in football.

23
Q

What is a second class lever?

A

effort and fulcrum are either side of the load which is in the middle e.g. ball of foot in high jump take off.

24
Q

What is a third class lever?

A

load and fulcrum are either side of the effort which is in the middle e.g. elbow in bicep curl

25
Q

What lever gives mechanical advantage?

A

second class lever systems where the effort arm is greater than the load arm

26
Q

What lever gives mechanical disadvantage?

A

third class lever systems where the load arm is greater than the effort arm.

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