30 Flashcards
Lipid lowering agent that has the best ability to ^HDL?
What is one common side effect of this agent?
What is its broad mechanism?
Niacin
Flushing– give aspirin
Inhibits hormone sensitive lipase
Lipid lowering agent that has the best ability to lower LDL-C?
What are two side effects to always consider with this agent?
What is its General MOA?
Statins
- elevated LFTs and myositis
- Inhibits HMGCoA Reductase (RLS of cholesterol synthesis)
Lipid lowering agent that has the best ability to lower TGs?
What are two of its common side effects?
What is its general MOA?
Fibrates
Elevated LFT/myositis
Inhibits PPARa
Lipid lowering agent that is capable of binding C Diff toxins?
Cholestyramine
Equation for “odds ratio” & “relative risk”
What type of studies are responsible for determining these values?
Odds ratio: (A/B) / (C/D)
case-control
Relative risk: ( A/ (A/B) ) / (C/ (C+D))
cohort study
What is the equation for “attributable risk”?
What study mainly determines attributable risk?
A/(A+B). - C/(C+D)
Part of a cohort study
What is the “number needed to treat”?
Inverse of absolute risk reduction.
Ideal number is “1”.
Three hormones that stimulate pancreatic secretions
Ach, CCK, secretin
What are the two strep pneumo vaccines and what is the difference?
PCV13- babies (smaller number)
PPSV23- ages 65+.
*general guidelines. These may change in Immunocompromised states etc.
DTaP & TdaP
What’s the difference? What do they include? When are they given?
Includes diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis
DTaP: given to kids
Tdap: lower doses of d/p (hence lower case); used as a booster
Note: DT and Td are available for those who can’t tolerate pertussis.
Classic cause of “epiglottitis”?
What vaccine treats it?
H flu
“Hib”
How is the live influenza vaccine given?
Inactivated?
What’s the youngest we give flu shots?
Live is given as nasal spray!
Inactivated is the shot.
Start these at 6 months.
What is the Neisseria vaccine called?
Meningococcus
What’s the polio vaccine called?
IPV
Cause of diarrheal illness that can be prevented via vaccine?
Rotavirus
Two kinds of HPV vaccine
Two subunit or four subunit
The four subunit treats cancer in addition to the virus (Genital, cervical, anal)
Can be 16,18// 16,18,6,11
Reportable STIs
HEY! you’ve Gotta Call Someone!!!!
HIV/ Hep A-C
Gonorrhea
Chlamydia
Syphilis
Vaccine preventable illnesses that are reportable
MMR
Diphtheria
Pertussis
Diarrheal illnesses that are reportable? Respiratory?
Salmonella and shigella
TB
How should babie 2 and under ride in a car?
Rear facing; middle of back seat.
…..have you even SEEN how small rear facing car seats are? When I nannied. No way. No way I could’ve put a two year old in one of these things (random side note, I know)
How should kids 2-4 ride in a car?
Forward facing car seat with harness
When is it typically safe to take kids totally out of car seats/ boosters?
4’ 9”; usually 8-12 years
At what age are children “allowed” to sit up front?
13
