3 sport and society Flashcards
What was sport called pre industrial (pre 1780)
popular recreation
What was sport called post industrial (1780-1900)
rational recreation
What were the characteristics of society pre industrial
- limited transport / communication
- illiteracy
- harsh society
- seasonal
- two tier class
What were the characteristics of popular recreation
- localised due to transport
- little development due to illiteracy
- violent
- played occasionally due to seasonal work
- made use of resources (pigs bladder)
- lower class - mob football
- upper class - real tennis
What does the fedual system consist of
- king
- nobility
- knights
- peasants
When was the first Olympic games held
October 1850
Who created the Olympic games
Dr Penny Brookes
Who formed the international Olympic committee (IOC)
Barron Pierre de Coupotin
What were the characteristics of society post industrial
- 3 tiered class
- rules
- working hours
- improved transport
- improved facilities - factory patronage
What were the positive effects of industrialisation
Better transport
Increased wages
Patronage
Increased health
What happened because of the transport revolution
- movement of teams - created leagues
- imrpoved access to different parts of the country
- cheaper travel
- improved access to the countryside so new sports created
Definition of urbanisation
large numbers of people migrating from rural ares into towns and cities
What happened due to urbanisation
- factories were built so decreased amount of space
- loss of traditional sports
- changing workign conditions so less time for sport
- large working class
What happened to sport post industrial revolution due to the church
- changed views
- provided venues - created leagues
- clergy promoted numbers at their congregations
- development of the YMCA
- promoted sport due to their social control
Definition of social control
the way in which people’s thoughts and feelings are regulated in social systems
When was the football assoication set up
1863
How did sport spread throughout the British empire post industrial revolution
- teachers
- factory owners
- clergy
- officers in the army
- diplomats - travelled the world so learnt new sports
- NGB’s - codification of sports
What was the spread of public provisions post industrial revolution
- wash houses act 1864
- plunge baths developed into swimming pools
- combatted poor health and hygiene
Characteristics of an amateur in the 19th century
- mainly upper/middle class
- wealthy
- high morals
- lots of free time
- no need to train
- respected members of society
Characteristics of professionals in the 19th century
- low morals - open to bribes
- low status
- mainly working class
- poor
- long working hours
- committed to training to perform well
Definition of a gentleman amateur
a respected member of socety from a public school
Characteristics of amateurs in the 20th century
- high status
- working class
- all rounded athletes
- moral values
Characteristics of proffesionals in the 20th century
- paid
- slowly developed
- picked by sporting ability
Charactersitics of modern day amateurs
- lower status
- open to all
- recieve finance for training expense
- society became egalitarian - believed everyone was equal
Characteristics of modern day proffessionals
- high rewards
- respected
- celebrity status
- role models
- money invested
Definition of bosman ruling
granting the right for any player to move freely to another employer at the end of the contract without a transfer fee in the EU
Development of associaton football
- urbanisation - more people = more spectators
- free time - saturday afternoon became tradition
- disposbale income - more money to watch
- improved transport - could travel to leagues
- increased proffesionalism - recognised by the FA in 1885
When did BBC begin its live coverage of sprots
1927
Factors affecting the emergence of elite female footballers
- equal opportunities - war effort broke down myths, sex discrimination act was passed, sport seen as acceptable
- more free time - less traditional domestic role
- increased media coverage - BT provided live coverage of the women’s super league 2019
- more role models
- more clubs
- increased approval by FA
- increased participation - more grass roots
Characteristics of lawn tennis
- middle class intervention
- used specialist equipment
- used standardised rules
- public provision spread to working class
Who patented lawn tennis
Major Walton Clopton Wingfield 1874
Definition of the open era
when proffessional tennis players were allowed to compete alongside amateurs and earn money
What is the golden triangle made up of
- sport
- media
- commercialisation (buisness)
Effects of commericalisation on sport
- rules and scoring systems have been changed
- breaks provided for sponsors
- increased technology
Effects of commercialisation on elite performers
- high pressure
- funding
Development of athletics
- 1866 amateur athletics association was created by ex public school boys
- purpose built factories
- WW2 increased up take
