3) Regional Divisions of England's N. American Colonies

Question 1

Mayflower Compact (1620)

Answer 1

• Pilgrims aboard Mayflower agreed to form a self-government
• Served as the basis for governing the Plymouth colony for many years
• Set an example of a small, town-based government throughout NE
• Town meeting

Question 2

Triangular Trade

Answer 2

• Began in 1700
• Cotton, sugar, tobacco shipped to Britain
• Britain distilled rum and created textiles for export to Africa
• Traded these goods for slaves
• Slaves traded to Americas for raw materials
• Used in both Northern & Southern colonies
• Contributed directly to the success of the new colonies
• Provided colonies with labor and trade opportunities

Question 3

Virginia Company

Answer 3

• Joint-stock company

- Primary goal was to make profit

Question 4

Headright system

Answer 4

• If you paid the passage of a laborer, you received the right to 50 acres of land
• Encouraged the importation of indentured servants

Question 5

Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)

Answer 5

• 1676
• Exposed tensions between the former indentured servants who were poor and the gentry who were rich
• Planters became more suspicious of their indentured servants and turned more to slaves

Question 6

Stono Rebellion (1739)

Answer 6

• 1739
• Earliest known acts of rebellion against slavery in America
• Organized and led by slaves living in Charleston, SC
• Slaves tried to flee to Spanish Florida

Question 7

John Winthrop

Answer 7

• Leader of the Puritans

Question 8

Puritan communities

Answer 8

• Came to NE to escape political repression, religious restrictions, economic recession
• lived in small villages surrounded by farmland
• Close relationship between church and state
• Founded Harvard and Yale to ensure adequate supply of ministers

Question 9

“City upon a hill”

Answer 9

• Puritan concept of a model society

- Strict code of moral conduct

Question 10

Roger Williams

Answer 10

• Challenged Puritans
• Banned from MA
• Founded RI
• Advanced the cause of religious toleration and freedom and thought

Question 11

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 11

• Banned from MA by Puritans
• Challenged clerical authority
• Moved to RI

Question 12

Half-Way Covenant

Answer 12

• As time passed, Puritan religious zeal began to diminish

- Eased requirements for church membership by allowing the baptism of the children of baptized but unconverted Puritans

Question 13

First Great Awakening

Answer 13

• Wave of religious revivals that began in New England in the 1730s
• Swept across the colonies during the 1740s

Question 14

Pennsylvania

Answer 14

• Founded by William Penn
• Created a liberal colony
• Representative assembly elected by landowners
• Granted freedom of religion
• No state-supported church

Question 15

Quakers

Answer 15

• Pacifists who refused to bear arms
• Advocated freedom of worship
• Accepted greater role for women
• Opposed slavery

Question 16

New York

Answer 16

• Founded by the Dutch West Indian Company (New Holland)