1) Political, economic, and cultural features of Native American societies

Question 1

Algonquian

Answer 1

• First to interact with English settlers in Plymouth MA
• Lived in wigwams
• Wore clothing made from animal skins
• Proficient hunters & gatherers
• Shared farming knowledge with English settlers
• Pocahontas, Tecumseh, Blackhaw

Question 2

Iroquois

Answer 2

• Fierce fighters
• Expert farmers
• Grew corn, squash, beans
• Formed Iroquois Confederacy (1451)

Question 3

Seminole & Creek

Answer 3

• Lived in Southeast
• Expert planters and hunters
• Proficient in paddling dugout canoes
• Struggled against Spanish & English settlers

Question 4

Cherokee

Answer 4

• Lived in Southeast
• One of the most advanced tribes
• Lived in domed houses
• Hunters, farmers, fishermen
• Basketry and clay pottery

Question 5

Plains Tribes

Answer 5

• Sioux, Cheyenne, Blackfeet, Comanche, Pawnee
• Lived in teepees
• Wore buffalo skins and feather headdresses
• Hunted buffalo
• Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull

Question 6

Pueblo

Answer 6

• Southwest
• Farmed crops in desert
• Lived in adobes (mud brick building that housed their living and meeting quarters)
• Chose their own chiefs

Question 7

Apache

Answer 7

• Southwestern tribe
• Lived in pickups (bark, grass, branches)
• Hunters and gatherers
• Believed that everything in Nature had special powers

Question 8

Navajo

Answer 8

• Southwest
• Lived in hogans (round homes built with forked sticks)
• Sand painting, weapon-making, silversmithing, weaving

Question 9

Inuit

Answer 9

• Northwest
• Lived in tents made from animal skins
• Wore clothes made of seals or caribou
• Excellent fishers and hunters
• Crafted kayaks

Question 10

Native American food

Answer 10

• Maize (corn)
• Potatoes, squash, pumpkins, beans
• Hunted deer bears, buffalo

Question 11

Native American religion

Answer 11

• Personal affair for nearly all tribes
• Beliefs in higher powers extending to spirits in the sky and elsewhere in Nature
• Believed that all objects (both animate and inanimate) were endowed with certain spiritual powers

Question 12

Native American Culture/Society

Answer 12

• Large concentrations of people and houses
• No exact system of writing
• Varied widely in customs, housing, dress, religion
• 200 languages, 1500 dialects
• Sign language between tribes

Question 13

Woods People

Answer 13

• Atlantic to Western plains and prairies
• Cultivated corn and tobacco
• Hunted and fished

Question 14

Plains People

Answer 14

• Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains
• Largely wandering and warlike
• Hunted buffalo and other game
• Became horseman after arrival of Europeans

Question 15

Southwestern Tribes

Answer 15

• New Mexico & Arizona
• Lived in adobes
• Cliff dwellers and nomadic tribes
• Had the most advanced civilizations

Question 16

California Tribes

Answer 16

• Separated from the influence of other tribes by the mountains
• Ate acorns, seeds, fish
• Least advanced civilization

Question 17

Northwest Coast Peoples

Answer 17

• Washington, British Columbia, Southern Alaska
• Did not farm
• Build large wooden houses
• Traveled in huge cedar canoes

Question 18

Plateau Peoples

Answer 18

• Lived between the plains and the Pacific Coast
• Lived in underground houses or brush huts
• Subsisted on fish

Question 19

Government/Society

Answer 19

• No formal government
• Each individual was responsible for governing himself/herself
• Chiefs generally carried out the will of the tribe
• Each tribe was a discrete unit with its own lands
• Boundaries of tribal territories were determined by treaties with neighbors