3-Pioneering Concepts in Learning Flashcards
Who believed our understanding of the world goes beyond our perceptions and what psychological perspective did this produce?
Immanuel Kant
Helped show that the rationalist and empiricist perspectives are both true
Johann Friedrich Herbart
main bullet points and/or theories
- attempted to apply math to psychology
- affected the origins of psychophysics
3 methods of processing
- Sensory: through organs
- Perceptual: processing by the brain
- Cognition: thinking through attention, learning and memory
Wilhelm Wundt
main bullet points and/or theories
Structuralism
Structuralism
definition + information about the experiments
concious experiences are composed of sensations, feelings and perceptions
Experiments:
- had participants record their introspections
- some found that it takes longer to label a sound than to simply hear one –> led to the idea on processing time in the brain to explain reaction time
Gustav Fechner
main bullet points and/or theories
Psychophysics –> and Fechner’s Law
Psychophysics
experiments conducted via this lens + key terms
Discrimination tasks: determine the sensitivity of a participant by observing if they percieve a difference between A and B
Thresholds: point at which a stimulus is detectable or distinguishable
- absolute threshold: minimum stimulus intensity that can be detected 50% of the time
- difference threshold: smallest detectable change in stimulus - just noticeable difference (JND) - detected 50% of the time
Weber’s Law
description
the JND (just noticeable difference) is in constant proportion to the intensity of a stimulus
see graph representation
James Mark Baldwin
main bullet points and/or theories
Functionalism research
Functionalism
description
understanding that the brain evolves too, behaviours beneficial to the organism are passed down
