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Psych 2GG3 > 2-Learning Theories > Flashcards

2-Learning Theories Flashcards

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1
Q

Socrates

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • Socrating method of teaching and learning
  • Socratic thinking/dialectic approach
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2
Q

Socratic thinking/dialectic approach

A
  • teacher and students ask open ended questions
  • conversation style of learning
  • student and teacher can arrive at different conclusions
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3
Q

Plato

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • founded the Academy (free place to study)
  • Rationalism

studied under Socrates

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4
Q

Rationalism

A

belief in the existence of innate or inborn knowledge

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5
Q

Aristotle

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • Empiricism
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6
Q

Empiricism

A

knowledge and expertise result from our experiences in the real world

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7
Q

Roman catholic church

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • rote memorization
  • appretice teacher model of learning
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8
Q

Rote memorization

A

verbatim recollection of scripture

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9
Q

Apprentice-teacher model

A

teacher is meant to instruct student to aquire skills through experience

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10
Q

Rennaisance period

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • focus on combining discrete disciplines

eg: anatomy and art into anatomical drawings

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11
Q

Martin Luther

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • advocate for accessible education
  • helped form modern public education
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12
Q

René Descartes

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • believed in innate thinking strategies: pure thinking is a source of knowledge
  • rationalist like Plato
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13
Q

John Locke

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • believed a child’s mind is a tabula rasa (blank slate) shaped by sensory experiences
  • empiricist like Aristotle
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14
Q

Jean-Jaques Rousseau

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • proposed educational reform: remove rigid structure and align teaching strategies with child development
  • 5 Stages of Child Development
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15
Q

Rousseau’s 5 stages of child development

basic stage names + 2 word description

A
  1. Early Childhood: physical development
  2. Boyhood: sensory development
  3. Preadolescence: develop reasoning
  4. Adolescence: develop sentiment
  5. Adulthood: self-governing human
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16
Q

Rousseau’s 1st stage of development

name + age range + detailed description

A

Early Childhood: 0 - 6

Physical development
- fed by mother
- loose clothing and large crib
- no beating or shouting
- respect child’s autonomy

17
Q

Rousseau’s 2nd stage of development

name + age range + detailed description

A

Boyhood: 7 - 9

Sensory development
- play games
- natural experiments outside
- natural consequences

18
Q

Rousseau’s 3rd stage of development

name + age range + detailed description

A

Preadolescence: 10 - 12

Develop reasoning
- self-directed learning
- teach carpentry

19
Q

Rousseau’s 4th stage of development

name + age range + detailed description

A

Adolescence: 13 - 19

Develop sentiment
- learn compassion, love…
- perfect reason through sentiment
- begin formal education
- teach religion if desired

20
Q

Rousseau’s 5th stage of development

name + age range + detailed description

A

Adulthood: 20 +

Self-governing human
- unless you’re a woman… wow
- don’t pursue wealth and temptations
- go to the city to appreciate the finer things
- get a partner

21
Q

Immanuel Kant

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • Combining rationalism and empiricism
  • our understanding of the world goes beyond our perceptions
22
Q

Edward Lee Thorndike

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • applied scientific approach to the study of learning
  • analyzed the time it took for cats to complete a task with respect to the number of trials
23
Q

B. F. Skinner

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • studied factors which affect the rate of learning
  • Operant Conditioning Chamber/Skinner Box
24
Q

Jean Piaget

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • analyzed problem solving with age –> cognitive development
25
Q

Lev Vygotsky

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • socio-cultural theory of learning
  • led to the development of collaborative learning
  • Zone of Proximal Development
26
Q

Zone of proximal development

zone names surrounding it + description + result of being in this zone

A
  1. Easy zone: tasks within learners current ability, no assistance needed –> boredom and lack of motivation
  2. Zone of PD: tasks just outside current ability, can be completed with assistance –> best to aquire new knowledge
  3. Too-hard-zone: tasks far beyond current ability, can’t be completed even with assistance –> frustration and disengagement
27
Q

Socio-cultural theory of learning

A

psychological well being and learning capacity is influenced by social interactions
our cognitive development is influenced by society and culture

28
Q

collaborative learning

A

learning through older student mentors instead of only a teacher

29
Q

John Dewey

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • Learning by doing motto + 4 principles of education
  • Progressive education
  • Responsive classroom approach
30
Q

John Dewey’s 4 principles of education

A
  1. Experience: experiments, activities…
  2. Discuss: their learning
  3. Interactive: their actions influence the world/classroom
  4. Interdisciplinary: subjects are connected through projects and teaching
31
Q

Progressive education

A
  • engaging learning activities
  • developmentally matched lessons
  • lessons are socially relevant
32
Q

Responsive classroom approach

A

learner centered teaching focused on fostering a community of learners

usesexperiential learning

33
Q

Maria Montessori

main bullet points and/or theories

A
  • Montessori approach to learning
34
Q

Montessori approach to learning

A
  • learning led by exploration, independence and interest
  • teachers observe, support and facilitate learning

Psych 2GG3 (6 decks)

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