3 food chain food web

Question 1

defination of food chain

Answer 1

radiant energy from the sun utilized by green plants during
photosynthesis to produce carbohydrates is
transferred through a number of organisms which
either eat or are eaten by other organisms

Question 1

defination of Trophic Levels

Answer 1

Organisms which obtain food by the same
number of steps

Question 2

defination of Producers or Autotrophs

Answer 2

convert carbon dioxide (CO2) water, and solar energy into
energy-storing molecules or biomass during photosynthesis

Question 3

defination of Heterotrophs

Answer 3

*Organisms that feed on plant matter or are
themselves eaten by other organisms
*➢ Consumers - Obtain energy from eating living
organisms
➢ Decomposers - Obtain energy from the
breakdown of dead organic matter

Question 4

plant-based trophic system

Answer 4

Plant Herbivore Carnivore
Producer PrimaryConsumer Secondary Consumer (Tertiary
Consumer)
Autotroph Heterotrophs

Question 5

detritus-based trophic system

Answer 5

*Bacteria and fungi directly breakdown dead organic matter
to absorb the breakdown products for their own
growth and maintenance and to forms that can
be reassimilated by the producers
*Organic matter– decomposers(Microorganisms )–Detritivores –Carnivores

Question 6

defination of Food Web

Answer 6

*a complex series of interrelated food chains
*species may obtain their food from both the plant-based and detritus-based trophic systems

Question 7

NPP = GPP – R

Answer 7

GPP:Ecosystem-scale photosynthesi
R:respiration
NPP:Net primary production(net carbon gain by plants)

Question 8

Energy Flow Through a Food Chain

Answer 8

➢ The first law of thermodynamics
Energy is not created or destroyed but goes
through transformation from one form to another
➢ The second law of thermodynamics
No spontaneous transformation of energy is 100
per cent efficient, some energy is always dispersed
into unavailable heat energy
➢ About 98 to 99% of energy produced by green
plants is lost during photosynthesis (1–2%, stored)
➢ Ninety (90%) of energy is lost as it moves through higher trophic levels (10% stored)
➢ The energy that enters an ecosystem through plant photosynthesis is transformed from one form
(solar) to the other (chemical, kinetic, heat)