3 - Evaluation of Physical Fitness/ Growth & Development

Question 1

what are the components of health related physical fitness?

Answer 1

1. cardio respiratory endurance
2. muscular strength
3. muscular endurance
4. muscular power
5. flexibility
6. body compostion

Question 2

what are the objectives of physical fitness testing?

Answer 2

1. progress
2. motivation
3. success of training program
4. status of individual

Question 3

what are the characteristics of a good physical fitness test?

Answer 3

1. validity
2. reliability
3. objectivity
4. accuracy
5. norms
6. economy

Question 4

def: the progressive development of a living being or part of an organism from its earliest stage to maturity, including the attendant increases in size

Answer 4

growth

Question 5

do all parts of the human body grow at the same rate?

Answer 5

no

Question 6

what are the stages of postnatal growth?

Answer 6

1. neonatal period
2. infancy
3. childhood
4. adolescence
5. adulthood

Question 7

how long is the neonatal period?

Answer 7

from birth to the end of four weeks

Question 8

how long is infancy?

Answer 8

from the end of neonatal until 2 years

Question 9

how long is childhood?

Answer 9

from infancy to adolescence. depends on person because puberty starts at different times

Question 10

when do children typically experience a growth spurt?

Answer 10

pre-adolescence

Question 11

how long is adolescence?

Answer 11

around age 9 in girls or 11 in boys until 17-18 years of age

Question 12

what are the two types of growth curves?

Answer 12

distance curve, velocity curve

Question 13

what are the two types of data used in growth curves?

Answer 13

longitudinal data - one individual or same group over a period of years
cross sectional data - measurements of several children in each group combined

Question 14

what is the most important difference between boys and girls?

Answer 14

the rate of maturity

Question 15

who grows up faster - boys or girls?

Answer 15

girls

Question 16

before the adolescent growth spurt. there is _____ difference between the average height of boys and girls

Answer 16

little

Question 17

what is the difference in maturation in boys and girls at puberty?

Answer 17

2 years

Question 18

when is the height balance in girls and boys redressed?

Answer 18

14 years of age

Question 19

when is the mean growth takeoff age in boys in North America?

Answer 19

11 years old

Question 20

when is the mean growth takeoff age in girls in North America?

Answer 20

9 years old

Question 21

when is the peak height velocity in boys?

Answer 21

13.5 years

Question 22

when is the peak height velocity in girls?

Answer 22

11.5 years

Question 23

what comes after a growth spurt?

Answer 23

rapid slowing of growth

Question 24

why do males end up taller than females?

Answer 24

because they have two more years of growth before the growth spurt where their legs grow faster

Question 25

the peak velocity for the spurt in weight is ______ than the peak velocity for height by about 3 months

Answer 25

slower

Question 26

def: a condition of the bones where they become thin and brittle due to decreased mineral content, which makes them susceptible to fracture

Answer 26

osteoporosis

Question 27

the need for _____ during peak linear growth is substantial

Answer 27

calcium

Question 28

when is the critical time for bone mineral accumulation?

Answer 28

adolescence

Question 29

describe the shape of an infant

Answer 29

large head | lower limbs are much less developed at birth than upper limbs

Question 30

at all ages, more _____ parts of the limbs are in advance of the more _____ parts

Answer 30

peripheral, central

Question 31

T or F - bones in the cranial vault grow faster than face bones

Answer 31

false

Question 32

in the later stages of the adolescent spurt, there is ______ of growth rather than ______

Answer 32

laterality, linearity

Question 33

def: refers to the period at which the testes, prostate gland and seminal vesicles or the breasts, uterus and vagina, suddenly enlarge

Answer 33

puberty

Question 34

def: refers to the onset of menstruation, occurs relatively late in puberty when the height velocity is falling

Answer 34

menarche

Question 35

in females, when is puberty considered complete?

Answer 35

not until sexual maturity has been attained

Question 36

what are the two common areas used in determining radiological age? why?

Answer 36

the wrist and hand, large number of centers of ossification

Question 37

at every chronological age up to full maturity, the radiological age of girls is in advance of that of boys by a factor of about ____ percent or more

Answer 37

20

Question 38

what is the name of the universal standard for classifying sexual maturity?

Answer 38

the "tanner" stages of sexual maturity

Question 39

menarche is more closely related to ______ age than to chronological age

Answer 39

radiological

Question 40

what are the five types of skeletal development?

Answer 40

1. average maturation and adult height 2. early maturation, tall child not adult 3. early maturation and genetically tall 4. late maturation - small child, average adult 5. late maturation and genetically short

Question 41

what are the three categories of fundamental movements?

Answer 41

body management locomotor skills object control skills

Question 42

what are factors influencing growth and maturation?

Answer 42

1. genetic control 2. nutrition 3. secular trends 4. season and climate 5. differences between races