3. Epithelium Flashcards
Which surface specialization increases surface area?
Microvilli
What do all epithelia rest on?
Basement membrane
What attaches the cytoskeleton to the basement membrane?
Hemidesmosome
An epithelium in which all the cells rest on the basement membrane, but do not all reach the lumen is called?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
This type of cellular junction is an example of an anchoring junction.
Desmosome
What are the granules called that one finds in serous cells?
Zymogen granules
What type of junction is sometimes called a tight junction?
Zonula Occludens
What mode of secretion releases only part of the cell?
Apocrine
The epithelial lining which lines the inside of blood vessels is known as?
Endothelium
This is another name for eccrine secretion.
Merocrine
What do you call a gland that produces protein for export?
Serous
The epithelium which covers the surfaces of internal organs is known as?
Mesothelium
What type of epithelium is adapted for absorption?
Simple Squamous
What type of cell to cell attachment permits easy communication between cells?
Gap junction
Which surface specialization is involved in moving secretions?
Cilia
What mode of secretion secretes the whole cell?
Holocrine
The vagina is lined by what kind of epithelium?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What kind of epithelium lines the urinary bladder?
Transitional
What do you call an epithelium with only a single layer of cells?
Simple
What mode of secretion releases the product into the bloodstream?
Endocrine
The rounded cells sometimes found on the surface of transitional epithelium are known as?
Umbrella cells
3 major types of surface modifications
- microvilli
- stereocilia
- cilia
4 basic properties of epithelium
- Attachments
- Cell polarity
- High metabolic (mitotic) rate
- Cell nutrition (avascular => nourishment via diffusion)
Detection of this protein is used to diagnose carcinomas
Cytokeratin
This protein is useful in diagnosing tumors of astrocytes
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
Diagnostic importance of desmin immunohistochemistry detection
Smooth muscle tumors (Leimyosarcomas)
What is adenocarcinoma
Cancer of the glands
Epithelium - method of cell nutrition
Diffusion from blood vessels in connective tissues
What is parenchyma
Functional component of a gland (e.g. secretory/ductal cells)
What is metaplasia
Change in one type of epithelium to another
Connective tissue component of a gland = ?
Stroma
Formation of glands - connection to surface maintained
Exocrine gland
Formation of glands - connection to surface lost
Endocrine gland
3 types of exocrine glands classification
- Secretory product
- Method of secretion
- Morphology
Secretory product of serous glands
Proteins
