1. The Cell Flashcards
When cells touch they stop growing and dividing. What is this property of cells called?
Contact inhibition
What determines the fluidity of the cell membrane?
Ratio or cholesterol to fatty acids
What makes rough endoplasmic reticulum rough?
Ribosomes
Which organelle is involved in lipid synthesis?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle is involved in waste removal?
Lysosome
Name one organelle which is involved in producing proteins for export.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle is involved in energy production?
Mitochondria
Which organelle has a cis and a trans face?
Golgi apparatus
What is the resting phase of the cell cycle called?
Interphase
In general, what kinds of molecules can diffuse freely across the cell membrane?
Hydrophobic
Which RNA is involved in transcription?
Messenger RNA
Which RNA brings amino acids to the developing polypeptide?
Transfer RNA
What is the part of the nucleus that produces ribosomal RNA called?
Nucleolus
When the DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus is uncoiled and actively involved in transcription it is called?
Euchromatin
When the DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus is condensed and not actively involved in transcription it is called?
Heterochromatin
What is the heterochromatin which represents the inactive X chromosome in the normal female called?
Barr bodies
What nuclear feature is indicative of a high degree of cellular metabolic activity.
Nucleolus
What is the term for ribosomes which are free in the cytoplasm?
Polysomes
Which organelle is involved in packaging and adding carbohydrates to newly synthesized proteins?
Golgi apparatus
Which organelle, apart from the nucleus, has its own DNA content?
Mitochondria
What is the smallest of the cytoskeletal elements?
Microfilaments
Which intermediate filament is found in epithelia?
Cytokeratin
What is the largest cytoskeletal element?
Microtubules
Which organelle is involved in the destruction of damaged cellular components and bacteria?
lysosomes
Which of the following will increase the fluidity of a cell membrane?
saturated phospholipids
unsaturated phospholipids
surface proteins
glycolipids
unsaturated phospholipids
Active DNA in the nucleus is called?
euchromatin
A Plasmacyte is a cell which produces antibodies. Which organelle would you expect to be prominent?
mitochondria
polysomes
lysosomes
rough endoplasmic reticulum
roough ER
What is a glycocalyx?
carbohydrate residues associated with the surface of cells.
What is apoptosis
Programmed cell death
Which organelle has cristae?
mitochondria
The main function of cilia is to increase the surface area of cells. T/F?
False. Microvilli.
Cilia main function = beating pattern in respiratory and female reproductive tracts
